Inflammatory markers and COVID-19 disease progression

Sidhwani, Santosh Kumar; Mirza, Talat; Khatoon, Ambrina; Shaikh, Fouzia; Khan, Rizma; Shaikh, Omer Ahmed; Nashwan, Abdulqadir J.

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2023.06.018

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…LDH elevation is also commonly observed during viral infections including MERS-CoV ( Alsolamy, 2015 ; Al Ghamdi et al., 2016 ), H7N9 ( Shi et al., 2013 ), and H5N1 ( Oner et al., 2006 ). Similarly, in many severe cases of COVID-19, increased LDH activity has also been observed, serving as a marker of disease severity ( Sidhwani et al., 2023 ). Previous studies have shown that after SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is an increase in white blood cell count, especially neutrophil count, leading to excessive cytokine production, cytokine storm, and systemic organ damage ( Fialek et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has shown that inflammatory cytokines can increase LDH release from cells. For example, TNF-alpha can increase LDH release from Raji cells ( Jurisic et al., 2004 ; Oner et al., 2006 ; Fialek et al., 2022 ; Sidhwani et al., 2023 ). The study conducted by Khalid et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has shown that inflammatory cytokines can increase LDH release from cells. For example, TNF-alpha can increase LDH release from Raji cells (Jurisic et al, 2004;Oner et al, 2006;Fialek et al, 2022;Sidhwani et al, 2023). The study conducted by Khalid et al (2023) demonstrated a significant increase in the levels of IL-6, CRP, and PCT in patients with severe and critical conditions following SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lactate dehydrogenase predicts disease progression outcome in COVID-19 patients treated with Azvudine

Mao,

Dian,

Sun

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundAzvudine has been approved in China for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Previous studies have suggested a correlation between high levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the severity of COVID-19. However, the impact of LDH levels in COVID-19 patients receiving Azvudine treatment remains unclear.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the data of 351 hospitalized COVID-19 patients who were consecutively treated with Azvudine, with or without high LDH levels. The clinical features, treatment strategies and prognosis data were collected and analyzed.ResultsAmong the 351 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 treated with Azvudine (119 with high-LDH levels), the median age was 69 years (range 58–78), and 213 (60.7%) were male. Common symptoms included cough (86.0%), expectoration (73.5%), fever (69.8%), polypnea (47.6%) and poor appetite (46.4%). Patients with high LDH levels exhibited significantly elevated leucocyte and neutrophil counts, elevated level of myocardial enzymes, as well as higher levels of inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6, interleukin-10, procalcitonin, C reactive protein, ferritin, and prolonged erythrocyte sedimentation rate upon admission. COVID-19 patients with high-LDH levels had higher rates of corticosteroid therapy, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, worsened and death (2.5% vs. 0%). The Cox proportional hazard model demonstrated that high LDH levels (adjusted hazard ratio = 5.27; 95% confidence interval: 1.19, 14.50) were associated with a more unfavorable composite disease progression outcome among COVID-19 patients treated with Azvudine, after accounting for potential confounding variables.ConclusionHigh-LDH levels predict a worse composite disease progression outcome in COVID-19 patients treated with Azvudine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lactate dehydrogenase predicts disease progression outcome in COVID-19 patients treated with Azvudine

Mao,

Dian,

Sun

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…This precluded us from investigating associations between the DBSI-derived putative neuroinflammation markers and COVID-19 symptomatology. While elevated peripheral inflammation markers have been observed in individuals with SARS-Cov-2 infection and are tied to the severity of COVID-19 symptoms ( Huang et al, 2020 ; Sidhwani et al, 2023 ; Xiao et al, 2021 ; Mahat et al, 2021 ), inflammatory responses appear to regress gradually during recovery in most patients ( Mohandas et al, 2023 ; Woodruff et al, 2022 ). This indicates a transient effect of inflammation that potentially is symptom dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study

Zhang,

Gorelik,

Wang

et al. 2024

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

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“…The use of biochemical markers also has major limitations. COVID-19 is often initially presented with a high level of inflammatory markers, especially C-reactive protein (CRP), thus masquerading as a bacterial infection [46][47][48]. Even procalcitonin (PCT), which has been extensively studied, has been found to be unreliable in distinguishing between viral and bacterial etiology [49].…”

Section: Streptococcus Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Community- and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Patients with Critical COVID-19—A Prospective Monocentric Cohort Study

Doubravská,

Htoutou Sedláková,

Fišerová

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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The impact of bacterial pneumonia on patients with COVID-19 infection remains unclear. This prospective observational monocentric cohort study aims to determine the incidence of bacterial community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia (CAP and HAP) and its effect on mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at University Hospital Olomouc between 1 November 2020 and 31 December 2022. The secondary objectives of this study include identifying the bacterial etiology of CAP and HAP and exploring the capabilities of diagnostic tools, with a focus on inflammatory biomarkers. Data were collected from the electronic information hospital system, encompassing biomarkers, microbiological findings, and daily visit records, and subsequently evaluated by ICU physicians and clinical microbiologists. Out of 171 patients suffering from critical COVID-19, 46 (27%) had CAP, while 78 (46%) developed HAP. Critically ill COVID-19 patients who experienced bacterial CAP and HAP exhibited higher mortality compared to COVID-19 patients without any bacterial infection, with rates of 38% and 56% versus 11%, respectively. In CAP, the most frequent causative agents were chlamydophila and mycoplasma; Enterobacterales, which were multidrug-resistant in 71% of cases; Gram-negative non-fermenting rods; and Staphylococcus aureus. Notably, no strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were detected, and only a single strain each of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis was isolated. The most frequent etiologic agents causing HAP were Enterobacterales and Gram-negative non-fermenting rods. Based on the presented results, commonly used biochemical markers demonstrated poor predictive and diagnostic accuracy. To confirm the diagnosis of bacterial CAP in our patient cohort, it was necessary to assess the initial values of inflammatory markers (particularly procalcitonin), consider clinical signs indicative of bacterial infection, and/or rely on positive microbiological findings. For HAP diagnostics, it was appropriate to conduct regular detailed clinical examinations (with a focus on evaluating respiratory functions) and closely monitor the dynamics of inflammatory markers (preferably Interleukin-6).

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Inflammatory markers and COVID-19 disease progression

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Lactate dehydrogenase predicts disease progression outcome in COVID-19 patients treated with Azvudine

Lactate dehydrogenase predicts disease progression outcome in COVID-19 patients treated with Azvudine

Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study

Bacterial Community- and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Patients with Critical COVID-19—A Prospective Monocentric Cohort Study

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