Inflammatory markers in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: A meta‐analysis and systematic review of 170 studies

Shen, Xue‐Ning; Niu, Li‐Dong; Wang, Yanjiang; Cao, Xi‐Peng; Liu, Qiang; Tan, Lan; Zhang, Can; Yu, Jin‐Tai

doi:10.1002/alz.041476

Cited by 33 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, Woo et al reported that a large number of patients (78%) complained of persistent mild cognitive impairment after a median of 85 day from clinical recovery (Woo et al., 2020). It has been shown that inflammation continue after coronavirus clearance and several studies have demonstrated that inflammatory activation is linked to mild cognitive impairment (Shen et al., 2019), overt cognitive dysfunction (Chakrabarty et al., 2019) and dementia (Duarte et al., 2017). Therefore, a potential association between inflammatory status and persistent cognitive damage in patients even after COVID‐19 healing should be investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological manifestations in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19: A retrospective analysis from a large cohort in Northern Italy

Travi

Rossotti

Merli

et al. 2021

Eur J of Neuroscience

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SARS‐CoV2 infection is a systemic disease that may involve multiple organs, including the central nervous system (CNS). Aims of our study are to describe prevalence and clinical features of neurological manifestations, mortality and hospital discharge in subjects hospitalized with COVID‐19. All individuals admitted for to our hospital COVID‐19 were retrospectively included. Patients were classified according to the symptoms at hospital entry in (1) isolated respiratory, (2) combined respiratory and neurologic, (3) isolated neurologic and (4) stroke manifestations. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests to compare the groups were calculated. Kaplan Meier probability curves and multivariable Cox regression models for survival and hospital discharge were applied. The analysis included 901 patients: 42.6% showed a severe or critical disease with an overall mortality of 21.2%. At least one neurological symptom or disease was observed in 30.2% of subjects ranging from dysgeusia/anosmia (9.1%) to postinfective diseases (0.8%). Patients with respiratory symptoms experienced a more severe disease and a higher in‐hospital mortality compared to those who showed only neurologic symptoms. Kaplan Meier estimates displayed a statistically significant different survival among groups ( p = 0.003): subjects with stroke had the worst. After adjusting for risk factors such as age, sex and comorbidity, individuals with isolated neurologic manifestations exhibited a better survival (aHR 0.398, 95% CI [0.206, 0.769], p = 0.006). Neurologic manifestations in COVID‐19 are common but heterogeneous and mortality in subjects with isolated neurologic manifestations seems lower than in those with respiratory symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological manifestations in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19: A retrospective analysis from a large cohort in Northern Italy

Travi

Rossotti

Merli

et al. 2021

Eur J of Neuroscience

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“…Unfortunately, results on inflammatory-related biomarkers are inconsistent between studies. 133,134 In this study we review the most promising ones.…”

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest advances in cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease

Milà‐Alomà

Suárez‐Calvet

Molinuevo

2019

Ther Adv Neurol Disord

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and its diagnosis has classically been based on clinical symptoms. Recently, a biological rather than a syndromic definition of the disease has been proposed that is based on biomarkers that reflect neuropathological changes. In AD, there are two main biomarker categories, namely neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers [cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood]. As a complex and multifactorial disease, AD biomarkers are important for an accurate diagnosis and to stage the disease, assess the prognosis, test target engagement, and measure the response to treatment. In addition, biomarkers provide us with information that, even if it does not have a current clinical use, helps us to understand the mechanisms of the disease. In addition to the pathological hallmarks of AD, which include amyloid-β and tau deposition, there are multiple concomitant pathological events that play a key role in the disease. These include, but are not limited to, neurodegeneration, inflammation, vascular dysregulation or synaptic dysfunction. In addition, AD patients often have an accumulation of other proteins including α-synuclein and TDP-43, which may have a pathogenic effect on AD. In combination, there is a need to have biomarkers that reflect different aspects of AD pathogenesis and this will be important in the future to establish what are the most suitable applications for each of these AD-related biomarkers. It is unclear whether sex, gender, or both have an effect on the causes of AD. There may be differences in fluid biomarkers due to sex but this issue has often been neglected and warrants further research. In this review, we summarize the current state of the principal AD fluid biomarkers and discuss the effect of sex on these biomarkers.

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“…after infection and cell injury, which triggers inflammatory changes and immune response followed by tissue repair 37 . Large meta-analyses have confirmed the presence of elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs) and other inflammatory molecules in the serum and whole blood of AD patients, indicating a higher inflammatory status, evidenced by elevated levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1β and IL-18, etc., compared with age-and sex-matched healthy controls [38][39][40] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysbiosis in Alzheimer’s Disease Might be Triggered by Certain Classes of Antibiotics with Time-lapse: New Insights in the Pathogenesis?<strong> </strong>

Ternák¹,

Németh²,

Rozanovic³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background and objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative illness, responsible for 60-70% of all dementias, affecting over 50 million people worldwide, and nearly 11 million in European countries. Several putative factors are identified in the literature as causative agents or risk factors for the development of AD. The amyloid cascade hypothesis has been the main hypothesis about the pathophysiology of AD for decades. Recent studies raised the possible role of dysbiosis in the development of AD which prevents memory loss. The amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition might be considered as an inflammatory reaction to certain molecular products arising from the altered microbiome. Based on the above observations, it has been suspected, that antibiotic consumption patterns of different antibiotic classes might be associated with the prevalence of AD in European countries. Methods: Antibiotic consumption (ECDC) for 1997-2007, 2008-2018, and as the whole 1997-2018 period, have been compared to the AD prevalence for 2018 expressed in percentage of the population and statistically analyzed by Pearson calculation. Results: A significant positive correlation has been found between the AD prevalence (2018) and the average quinolone consumption for the year 1997-2007 (p: 0.044). A similar association was not observed for the entire 22 years (1997-2018) of the average quinolone consumption, and the years 2008-18, indicating 10-20 years of time-lapse between the antibiotic exposure and the development of AD. The ratio of broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics (B/N) estimated in the ECDC database for the years of 2008-2018 showed a strong positive association with AD prevalence (2018) (p: 0.026) and a positive correlation tendency for the entire 22 years 1997-2018 (p: 0.063), but none for the years 1997-2007 (p: 0.241). Broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase sensitive penicillin (J01CA) consumption showed a positive (non-significant) correlation with the prevalence of AD for the years 2008-2018 (p:0.080).Discussion: Our study indicated the possible sequential role of certain classes of antibiotics in the development of dysbiosis leading to amyloid deposits of AD, which strengthen the possible role of different mediator molecules (short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, etc.) produced by the altered microbiome in the development of AD.

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Inflammatory markers in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: A meta‐analysis and systematic review of 170 studies

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Neurological manifestations in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19: A retrospective analysis from a large cohort in Northern Italy

Neurological manifestations in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19: A retrospective analysis from a large cohort in Northern Italy

Latest advances in cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease

Dysbiosis in Alzheimer’s Disease Might be Triggered by Certain Classes of Antibiotics with Time-lapse: New Insights in the Pathogenesis?<strong> </strong>

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