Inflammatory molecules expression pattern for identifying pathogen species in febrile patient serum

Abstract

Abstract.Inflammatory molecules, such as cytokines and chemokines, have been considered markers for bacterial or viral infection in serum of patients in numerous studies. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether we were able to identify the pathogen species through patterns of inflammatory molecules. A total of 132 patients with elevated body temperature (tympanic temperature, >38.3˚C) were recruited for this study. The concentrations of various inflammatory molecules in the patients' serum were evaluated using a cytometric bead array. Higher concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were detected in bacterial infection groups (patients with positive and negative blood cultures), as compared with the viral infection group. Viral infection (including influenza and dengue viral infections) was associated with higher concentrations of interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), as compared with the bacterial infection group. In addition, IL-8 levels in the gram-negative bacteria group were higher, as compared with the gram-positive bacteria group. However, IL-8 was insufficient for bacterial species identification. By contrast, dengue virus infection induced the highest serum level of IP-10 among all groups. In conclusion, detection of the patterns of inflammatory molecules may aid the subsequent management and treatment modalities in hospitals, although evaluation of these molecules alone may be insufficient for identifying the pathogen species.

Deciphering SARS-CoV-2 Virologic and Immunologic Features

“…In regards to cytokine signature during SARS-CoV-2, studies showed an adapted, controlled response in mild and moderate cases with higher expression of IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-2RA, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, basic FGF, G-CSF, GM-CSF, HGF (hepatocyte growth factor), IFNγ, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1a, MIP-1b, PDGF, TNF-α and VEGF compared to a healthy control as shown in Figure 4 [ 2 , 126 , 219 ]. These results are summarized and compared to other infectious settings in Table 2 [ 126 , 220 , 221 , 222 , 223 , 224 ].…”

Infecciones respiratorias virales en episodios de fiebre en niños con trasplante de precursores hematopoyéticos

“…Por otra parte, la respuesta inmune del hospedero frente a diversos patógenos ha sido estudiada mediante la medición de citoquinas, moléculas efectoras esenciales para la respuesta inmune innata y adaptativa 12,13 . Si bien, en el paciente inmunocompetente se han caracterizado perfiles para diversos patógenos 14,15 , hay poca evidencia sobre la respuesta local y producción de citoquinas en receptores de TPH ante una IRV.…”

Changes in plasma-concentration ratios of branched-chain amino acids in acute and convalescent phases of bacterial pneumonia

“…( 10 ) It is speculated that BCAA metabolism in brown adipocytes changes during infection and affects [BCAA], especially in patients with bacterial pneumonia. As amino acids are essential nutrients for the host and the pathogen in infectious diseases, ( 11 ) the metabolic crosstalk between the host and the pathogen regarding amino acids is attracting attention. ( 12 , 13 ) Regarding BCAA interrelationships, Ile and Val suppress Leu metabolism in human peripheral lymphocytes, ( 14 ) and each BCAA has a different effect on immune function.…”