Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the bladder in children: A review

Collin, M.; Charles, Adrian; Barker, Andrew; Khosa, Japinder; Samnakay, Naeem

doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.03.009

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…IMTs have previously been described in the literature under a variety of names, including pseudosarcomatous tumor, spindle cell tumor, and atypical fibromyxoid tumor (30). Although these tumors can occur in a variety of locations, their presence in the bladder is rare, and these lesions are considered to be benign.…”

Section: Inflammatory Myelofibroblastic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pearls and Pitfalls in Diagnosing Pediatric Urinary Bladder Masses

et al. 2017

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Urinary bladder masses are rare in children, and the associated histologic features and prognoses in this population are different from those in adults. Most children with urinary bladder masses present with lower urinary tract symptoms, which may include hematuria, dysuria, frequent urination, and urgency to urinate. However, some of these masses may be identified incidentally or involve generic symptoms such as abdominal distention. In general, pediatric bladder tumors can be divided into those that originate from the bladder epithelium, known as urothelial neoplasms, and mesenchymal bladder neoplasms, which are more prevalent. The most common bladder malignancy in children is a rhabdomyosarcoma, whereas the most common benign bladder lesion in the pediatric population is a papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP). The first-line imaging tool for assessing bladder lesions is ultrasonography, which may be followed by a cross-sectional imaging examination such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging if the origin of the mass is unclear or if distant spread is suspected. Although imaging may enable the radiologist to suggest a differential diagnosis based on lesion location and patient age, tissue biopsy generally is required to identify the exact pathologic entity. This is usually performed at cystoscopy and may be curative in cases in which the lesion is small and has low recurrence potential. Knowledge of the clinical, histopathologic, and imaging features of common bladder neoplasms is essential, as it can aid in preventing imaging pitfalls. These may include the misinterpretation of either a pelvic mass as arising from the bladder or a bladder mass as arising from the pelvis, and interpreting an inflammatory mass or bladder detritus as a neoplasm. RSNA, 2017.

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Section: Inflammatory Myelofibroblastic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microscopically, they comprise spindle cells in a myxoid stroma with scattered chronic inflammatory cells. Although their cause is uncertain, some experts postulate an infective or traumatic precursor owing to the presence of inflammatory cells (30).…”

Section: Inflammatory Myelofibroblastic Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pearls and Pitfalls in Diagnosing Pediatric Urinary Bladder Masses

et al. 2017

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“…The bladder is the most common site of involvement in urological IPT which has no established causative agent but is seen to develop in response to infection, inflammation, malignancy, or any previous history of surgery in adults. However, in children, the cause is still unknown with no obvious predisposing factors [8]. Hematuria is the most common symptom which is likely due to the vascular nature of the lesion and due to superficial ulceration of the mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual cause of urinary retention in a child: inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder

et al. 2021

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Background Urinary bladder masses are uncommon in the pediatric age group and pose a diagnostic challenge, often necessitating histopathological differentiation and confirmation. An unusual mimic of neoplastic bladder mass is inflammatory pseudotumor, and timely identification and diagnosis of which prevents undue patient stress and radical treatment. Case presentation We present a case of a 7-year-old female child who presented with hematuria, and a urinary bladder mass was detected on ultrasound which was further characterized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diagnosed as an inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) on histopathology. Conclusions This case report describes the imaging features of IPT along with a list of differential diagnoses emphasizing the need for radiologists to be aware of this surprising and rare entity.

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“…(1) suppression of the VEGF angiogenesis stimulation (Cox-2/prostaglandin/VEGF pathway), (2) direct inhibition of the proliferation of activated endothelial cells in which Cox-2 is known to be expressed, and (3) an anticytokine suppression effect on the inflammatory process [16][17][18][19] . There are other drug options, such as vinblastine and low-dose methotrexate 18 . The armamentarium of systemic therapies has changed in our study period, and the role of classic chemotherapy should be discussed in light of the availability and efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for unresectable tumors or in case of predicted mutilating surgery.…”

Section: Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Bladder Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in pediatric bladder malignancies

2020

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Urothelial pediatric neoplasms are relatively rare. Papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (PUNLMPs) and rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) are the most common bladder malignancies in the pediatric population. Clinical presentation encompasses macroscopic hematuria or lower urinary tract symptoms (or both) or is detected incidentally at imaging. Tumors arising from the bladder can originate from any of its four histological layers (urothelium, lamina propria, detrusor, and adventitia) and are divided into tumors that have an epithelial origin (arising from the urothelium) and those that have a non-epithelial origin (mesenchymal neoplasms). RMS is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary bladder in children younger than 10 years. Deriving from the embryonic mesenchymal cell, the histopathologic subtypes of RMS are embryonal RMS (>90%) and alveolar histology (<10%). Pre-treatment imaging should be carried out by computed tomography (CT) or at present is more likely with magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis. Chest CT and bone scintigraphy are used to screen for metastases. In selected cases, a positron emission tomography scan may be recommended to evaluate suspicious lesions. The current prognostic classification considers age, histologic subtype, tumor site, size, and extent (nodal or distant metastases). Staging is based on pre-operative findings, group is based on intra-operative findings and pathology, and risk stratification is derived from both stage and group data. Pre-operative chemotherapy is the most common first-line intervention for bladder/prostate RMS, before surgery or radiation therapy. Collaborative groups such as the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee of the Children’s Oncology Group and the European Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group endorse this therapy. PUNLMPs are generally solitary, small (1–2 cm), non-invasive lesions that do not metastasize. Therapy is usually limited to a transurethral resection of the bladder tumor. About 35% are recurrent and around 10% of them increase in size if they are not treated.

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Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the bladder in children: A review

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Pearls and Pitfalls in Diagnosing Pediatric Urinary Bladder Masses

Pearls and Pitfalls in Diagnosing Pediatric Urinary Bladder Masses

Unusual cause of urinary retention in a child: inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder

Recent advances in pediatric bladder malignancies

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