Inflammatory polyp in the middle ear of a dog: a case report

Blutke, Andreas; Parzefall, Birgit; Steger, A. C.; Goedde, T.; Hermanns, W.

doi:10.17221/2991-vetmed

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…7,8 A small number of published reports have described "otoliths" as "multiple, stonelike bodies imbedded in inflammatory soft tissue within the bullae" 8 or as "well-defined, smooth, round, singular, or multiple mineral concretions within the tympanic bullae" with a CT radiodensity of 500-1200 Hounsfield Units and a size ranging from approximately 1 × 2 to 10 × 10 mm. 7 Because histopathological analyses of "otoliths" have not been performed in any of the described cases of "otolithiasis," 7,8 it remains unclear whether the described "otoliths" are mineral concretions that indicate the occurrence of dystrophic mineralization associated with otitis media of different etiologies, 6,9,11 osseous tissue (i.e., HTBS), or rare middle ear osteomas 12 or exostoses 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represent valuable instruments to diagnose common middle ear diseases such as otitis media, (inflammatory) polyps, cholesteatomas, and neoplasms. [3][4][5][6] Diagnostic imaging findings commonly associated with middle ear disease include changes in the contour of the tympanic bulla, bone proliferation and/or osteolysis, or the presence of abnormal material in the middle ear cavity. 3,4 Occasionally, imaging findings of questionable clinical significance, formerly known as "otolithiasis," are observed on radiographs or CT scans of the tympanic cavities of dogs with variable signs of otitis media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence and Characterization of Small Tympanic Bone Spicules and Drumstick‐like Hyperostotic Tympanic Bone Spicules in the Middle Ear Cavity of Dogs

Parzefall

Rieger²,

Volk

et al. 2014

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rounded, sessile, hyperattenuating structures detected in computed tomography (CT) studies of canine tympanic bullae have been termed "otoliths." These have been proposed to represent dystrophic mineralizations or heterotopic bone formations in the middle ear that are potentially related to chronic otitis media. Aims of the current study were to describe the prevalence, macroscopic, and histological features of structures consistent with "otoliths" in the canine tympanic cavity. Tympanic bullae from 50 routinely necropsied dogs and 139 retrospectively retrieved CT scans of canine clinical cases were examined. Small tympanic bone spicules with pointed or clubbed tips essentially arising from the free margin of the septum bullae were bilaterally present in the tympanic cavities of all 50 of the necropsied dogs. In 48% of the dogs, "otolith"-like CT-detectable bone spicules carrying drumstick-like hyperostoses that were 1-6 mm in diameter were also present. In the retrospective survey of bulla CT scans of 139 cases, the prevalence of hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules (HTBS) was 20%. Findings from the current study indicated that the presence of small tympanic bone spicules in adult dogs is most likely due to physiological bone growth in the septum bullae and that HTBS represent osseous proliferations of small tympanic bone spicules. However, the factors inducing formation of hyperostotic spicules from small tympanic bone spicules remain unknown. The high prevalence of HTBS displaying a similar appearance in bulla CT scans in dogs suggests that these spicules should be included in a differential diagnosis list for "otoliths."

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Characterization of Small Tympanic Bone Spicules and Drumstick‐like Hyperostotic Tympanic Bone Spicules in the Middle Ear Cavity of Dogs

Parzefall

Rieger²,

Volk

et al. 2014

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In gross appearance, nasopharyngeal polyps present as oval, white-to-pink, pedunculated masses with stalks originating from the mucosal lining of the nasopharynx, the eustachian tube, or the tympanic bulla [11]. To differentiate nasopharyngeal polyps from neoplastic lesions or other causes of infectious otitis, histopathologic examination of polyps should be performed [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Hiatal Hernia and Megaesophagus Secondary to a Nasopharyngeal Polyp in a 6-month-old Cat

Kim

2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Nasopharyngeal polyps are benign and inflammatory masses assumed to arise from the middle ear or the eustachian tube with extension into the pharynx. The most common clinical signs associated with nasopharyngeal polyps include respiratory stertor, dyspnea, and otic discharge Neurological signs, including head tilt, facial nerve paralysis, and ataxia, might indicate concurrent involvement of the middle or inner ear. The objective of the current study is to describe a case of a feline nasopharyngeal polyp with a concurrent hiatal hernia and megaesophagus, both spontaneously resolved after removal of the polyp.Case: A 6-month-old, intact, female, domestic shorthair cat presented for evaluation of lethargy, anorexia, and upper respiratory signs, such as stridor, stertor, and dyspnea. A thoracic radiography revealed esophageal dilation caudal to the cardiac silhouette, suggestive of megaesophagus with gaseous filtration. An esophagram confirmed a hiatal hernia and megaesophagus. Computed tomography revealed a nasopharyngeal mass adjacent to the soft palate and a soft-tissue density in the right tympanic bulla. A tentative diagnosis of a nasopharyngeal polyp was made. After the ventral bulla osteotomy, the nasopharyngeal mass was removed by a gentle traction avulsion technique. Six days after the surgery, hiatal hernia and megaesophagus were spontaneously resolved. Based on histopathologic exam, the mass was found to be an inflammatory nasopharyngeal polyp. Two months after surgery, the owner reported that the patient’s condition had returned to baseline with a good appetite, and the thoracic radiography was within normal limit. Six months after the surgery, the owner reported the patient was completely recovered from the upper airway obstruction signs.Discussion: For successful treatment of a nasopharyngeal polyp, traction avulsion of the polyp with or without a ventral bulla osteotomy is recommended. However, in patients with otitis media, a ventral bulla osteotomy followed by traction avulsion of the polyp is recommended in order to reduce the rate of polyp recurrence. Common clinical signs of a nasopharyngeal polyp are stertor, stridor, dyspnea, dysphagia, and open-mouth breathing, which are identified in a chronic upper airway obstruction. A hiatal hernia secondary to a nasopharyngeal polyp has not been reported so far. However, a relationship between chronic upper airway obstruction and hiatal hernias has been proposed previously. Moreover, hiatal hernia resolved spontaneously after removal of the nasopharyngeal polyp suggests that the occurrence of the hiatal hernia was secondary to the nasopharyngeal polyp. In addition to the hiatal hernia, megaesophagus was also identified in the present case. Megaesophagus secondary to a chronic upper airway obstruction from a nasopharyngeal obstruction has been reported. However, megaesophagus is also thought to occur secondary to hiatal hernias. Therefore, in the current study, it is unclear whether the megaesophagus was solely a result of the obstructive nature of the nasopharyngeal polyp or a combination of the hiatal hernia and the nasopharyngeal polyp. In conclusion, any cat with clinical signs of an upper airway obstruction and a concurrent hiatal hernia and megaesophagus should be thoroughly investigated for a nasopharyngeal polyp, as well as other gastrointestinal and systemic causes. Furthermore, this case suggests that the prognosis for a concurrent hiatal hernia and megaesophagus is good in cats if the nasopharyngeal polyp is properly removed.Keywords: cat, hiatal hernia, megaesophagus, nasopharyngeal polyp

show abstract

“…However, they are uncommon in dogs (Blutke et al, 2010;Greci & Mortellaro, 2016;Pratschke et al, 2003). There are only two detailed descriptive reports on aural polyp in dogs (Blutke et al, 2010;Pratschke et al, 2003). Blutke et al (2010) reported the case of a dog with a typical aural polyp, as seen in humans and cats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are only two detailed descriptive reports on aural polyp in dogs (Blutke et al, 2010;Pratschke et al, 2003). Blutke et al (2010) reported the case of a dog with a typical aural polyp, as seen in humans and cats. A polyp filled the middle ear without extending into the external auditory canal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diode laser‐assisted transcanal endoscopic removal of an aural polyp in the external auditory canal of a dog

Hoshino¹,

Fukuda²,

Nagata³

2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIn humans, aural polyps comprise fibrovascular tissue covered by the respiratory epithelium. Aural polyps with ciliated epithelium are common in cats but are rarely reported in dogs. In a previous case, a mass filled the tympanic cavity alone, and it was surgically removed.ObjectivesTo report a case of a canine aural polyp with ciliated epithelium extending from the dorsal tympanic cavity to the external auditory canal with detailed otological features and to demonstrate the usefulness of the transcanal endoscopic procedure (TEP) with a diode laser as a less‐invasive therapy.MethodsA 12‐year‐old castrated male Cavalier King Charles Spaniel presented with a 6‐month history of unilateral chronic otorrhoea. Video‐otoscope examination revealed a protruding, reddish and soft‐to‐rubbery round mass in the right horizontal ear canal. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging further revealed a smooth mass extending from the dorsal portion of the tympanic cavity into the horizontal part of the external auditory canal. However, it showed no lesions in the dorsal tympanic cavity.ResultsThe mass was removed using aural forceps by a traction‐torsion manoeuvre. The suspected base of the mass on the caudal side of the upper tympanic cavity was confirmed by a rigid scope, and it was completely vaporised with a diode laser. Histopathology revealed foci of columnar ciliated epithelium embedded in the connective tissue encapsulated by stratified squamous epithelium. No recurrence was observed at 3 years and 8 months.ConclusionWe describe a rare case of an aural polyp with ciliated epithelium extending from the upper‐middle ear to the external auditory canal in a dog. The TEP using a diode laser may be a useful minimally invasive treatment option for managing external auditory canal polyps.

show abstract

Inflammatory polyp in the middle ear of a dog: a case report

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Prevalence and Characterization of Small Tympanic Bone Spicules and Drumstick‐like Hyperostotic Tympanic Bone Spicules in the Middle Ear Cavity of Dogs

Prevalence and Characterization of Small Tympanic Bone Spicules and Drumstick‐like Hyperostotic Tympanic Bone Spicules in the Middle Ear Cavity of Dogs

Concurrent Hiatal Hernia and Megaesophagus Secondary to a Nasopharyngeal Polyp in a 6-month-old Cat

Diode laser‐assisted transcanal endoscopic removal of an aural polyp in the external auditory canal of a dog

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About