Inflammatory processes in obesity: focus on endothelial dysfunction and the role of adipokines as inflammatory mediators

Singh, Manindra; Benencia, Fabián

doi:10.1080/08830185.2019.1638921

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…The dysregulated cytokine environment may be the early biological step that mediates multiple organ failure (14). Second, obesity is associated with several respiratory disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, asthma, restrictive respiratory syndrome, and obesity 11 (15) 33 (10) 49 (12) 55 (17) 32 (19) 17 (16) Intensive care 161 (14) 17 (16) 121 (14) 190 (18) 90 (19) Age, mean (SD), y 60 (13) 60 (14) 61 (16) 61 (13) 61 (12) 59 (12) 56 (13) 52. 16 254 551 1118 (14) 17 (24)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity Doubles Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Paris Hospitals, France: A Cohort Study on 5,795 Patients

Czernichow

Rives‐Lange

Guérot

et al. 2020

Obesity

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Objective: Preliminary data from different cohorts of small sample size or with short follow-up indicate poorer prognosis in people with obesity compared with other patients. This study aims to precisely describe the strength of association between obesity in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and mortality and to clarify the risk according to usual cardiometabolic risk factors in a large cohort. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study including 5,795 patients aged 18 to 79 years hospitalized from February 1 to April 30, 2020, in the Paris area, with confirmed infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Adjusted regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for the mortality rate at 30 days across BMI classes, without and with imputation for missing BMI values. Results: Eight hundred ninety-one deaths had occurred at 30 days. Mortality was significantly raised in people with obesity, with the following ORs for BMI of 30 to 35 kg/m 2 , 35 to 40 kg/m 2 , and >40 kg/m 2 : 1.89 (95% CI: 1.45-2.47), 2.79 (95% CI: 1.95-3.97), and 2.55 (95% CI: 1.62-3.95), respectively (18.5-25 kg/m 2 was used as the reference class). This increase holds for all age classes. Conclusions: Obesity doubles mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dyslipidemia 330 (9) 40 411 (10) 78 (9) 129 (12) 48 1018 (14) 6 (8) 55 760 (6) 26 58 64 (6) Chronic kidney disease 378 (10) 34 317 (16) 135 (16) 127 (12) 46 1012 (10) 7 (10) Cancer 412 (11) 50 (4) 33 31143 (17) 138 (13) 36 89 73 (4) Smoking 633 (17) 95 (8) 36 (34)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity Doubles Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Paris Hospitals, France: A Cohort Study on 5,795 Patients

Czernichow

Rives‐Lange

Guérot

et al. 2020

Obesity

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“…Literature data report that adiponectin and CRP serum levels are negatively correlated in type 2 diabetes and obesity [6]. Moreover, numerous studies, both in vitro and in vivo, also characterized the anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and anti-angiogenic effects of adiponectin [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Physiological Effects of a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet: Effects on Adiponectin Levels and Inflammatory States

Monda

Polito

Lovino

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Adipose tissue is a multifunctional organ involved in many physiological and metabolic processes through the production of adipokines and, in particular, adiponectin. Caloric restriction is one of the most important strategies against obesity today. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) represents a type of caloric restriction with very or extremely low daily food energy consumption. This study aimed to investigate the physiological effects of a VLCKD on anthropometric and biochemical parameters such as adiponectin levels, as well as analyzing oligomeric profiles and cytokine serum levels in obese subjects before and after a VLCKD. Twenty obese subjects were enrolled. At baseline and after eight weeks of intervention, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, such as adiponectin levels, were recorded. Our findings showed a significant change in the anthropometric and biochemical parameters of these obese subjects before and after a VLCKD. We found a negative correlation between adiponectin and lipid profile, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which confirmed the important involvement of adiponectin in metabolic and inflammatory diseases. We demonstrated the beneficial short-term effects of a VLCKD not only in the treatment of obesity but also in the establishment of obesity-correlated diseases.

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“…Obesity and its complications can affect the secretion of these factors, and the fluctuation of the adipokine content is closely related to insulin sensitivity and fat cell metabolism. The adipose tissue in patients with obesity can produce a variety of pro-inflammatory factors (including leptin, chemerin, and resistin) while inhibiting the secretion of anti-inflammatory adipokines (such as adiponectin and omentin-1) [19,20]. An 8-year observational study of 959 outpatients with obesity or normal glucose tolerance found that in 133 patients with abnormal blood sugar levels and 90 patients with diabetes, APN and omentin-1 levels were lower, while leptin, chemerin, and resistin levels were higher, which indicates the predictive effect of these adipokines on the metabolic abnormality of obesity [21].…”

Section: Obesity-related Adipokines In Osamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different obesity-related adipokines on the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea

2020

Endocr J

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by recurrent episodes of apnea during sleep and daytime sleepiness, seriously affects human health and may lead to systemic organ dysfunction. The pathogenesis of OSA is complex and still uncertain, but multiple surveys have shown that obesity is an important factor, and the incidence of OSA in people with obesity is as high as 30%. Adipokines are a group of proteins secreted from adipocytes, which are dysregulated in obesity and may contribute to OSA. Here, we review the most important and representative research results regarding the correlation between obesity-related adipokines including leptin, adiponectin, omentin-1, chemerin, and resistin and OSA in the past 5 years, provide an overview of these key adipokines, and analyze possible intrinsic mechanisms and influencing factors. The existing research shows that OSA is associated with an increase in the serum levels of leptin, chemerin, and resistin and a decrease in the levels of adiponectin and omentin-1; the findings presented here can be used to monitor the development of OSA and obesity, prevent future comorbidities, and identify risk factors for cardiovascular and other diseases, while different adipokines can be linked to OSA through different pathways such as insulin resistance, intermittent hypoxia, and inflammation, among others. We hope our review leads to a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of OSA based on the relevant literature, which will also provide directions for future clinical research.

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Inflammatory processes in obesity: focus on endothelial dysfunction and the role of adipokines as inflammatory mediators

Cited by 39 publications

References 98 publications

Obesity Doubles Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Paris Hospitals, France: A Cohort Study on 5,795 Patients

Obesity Doubles Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Paris Hospitals, France: A Cohort Study on 5,795 Patients

Short-Term Physiological Effects of a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet: Effects on Adiponectin Levels and Inflammatory States

Effects of different obesity-related adipokines on the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea

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