Inflammatory profile analysis reveals differences in cytokine expression between smokers, moist snuff users, and dual users compared to non-tobacco consumers

Sgambato, Judi A.; Jones, Bobbette A.; Caraway, John W.; Prasad, G.L.

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2017.11.013

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“… 13 , 14 In fact, a recent study suggested serum fibrinogen as a marker to differentiate ST users from tobacco smokers, as smokers were found to have elevated fibrinogen levels, while the serum fibrinogen was similar in ST users and non-tobacco users. 15 The present study showed raised serum fibrinogen and d-dimer levels among oral tobacco users as compared to non-tobacco users. This finding reiterates the variability in the systemic response across the spectrum of ST products.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Evaluation of systemic inflammatory and thrombotic markers of cardiovascular risk among young Indian oral tobacco users

Zutshi

Gupta

et al. 2020

Indian Heart Journal

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Background While the pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant effects of cigarette smoking have been well described, the effect of smokeless tobacco (ST) on inflammatory and coagulation markers is still not clear. The study aimed to evaluate impact of smokeless tobacco use on systemic markers of inflammation [(TLC), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (ESR), interleukin (IL) IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)] and hypercoagulable state [fibrinogen and d-dimer] leading to increased cardiovascular risk in ST users as compared to non-users. Methods 150 healthy young adults using oral tobacco products for at least 1 year were included in the case group and 50 age-matched non-consumers as controls. Subjects with any known chronic illness or comorbidity were excluded from the study. Blood samples were tested for TLC, NLR, ESR, IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, fibrinogen and d-dimer. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 17.0 software. Results The baseline clinical and cardio-metabolic characteristics were comparable between the two groups. ST users had significantly elevated serum IL-6 [59.29 ± 124.69 pg/mL (n = 149) vs 8.21 ± 27.27 pg/mL (n = 47), p-value = 0.005], TNFα [77.18 ± 236.10 pg/mL (n = 149) vs 8.32 ± 9.36 pg/mL (n = 47), p-value = 0.041], fibrinogen [310.53 ± 129.05 mg/dL (n = 143) vs 282.82 ± 65.23 mg/dL (n = 42), p-value = 0.045] and d-dimer [0.28 ± 0.42 mg/L (n = 144) vs 0.17 ± 0.09 mg/L (n = 45), p-value = 0.043] levels as compared to non-users. Serum TLC, NLR, ESR and IL-1β remained unchanged in ST users and were similar to that of controls. Conclusions Chronic use of ST is associated with systemic inflammation and coagulation, which may increase the risk of athero-thrombotic cardiovascular events among ST users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Evaluation of systemic inflammatory and thrombotic markers of cardiovascular risk among young Indian oral tobacco users

Zutshi

Gupta

et al. 2020

Indian Heart Journal

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“…The effects of cigarette smoking (CS) on human health have been extensively investigated at the organ, cellular, and molecular levels. Cigarette smoking has been linked to perturbations in many molecular pathways, including oxidative stress and immune response [ 4 ]. Several toxins present in CS have immunomodulatory effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Inflammatory Marker: Elevated Monocyte to HDL Cholesterol Ratio Associated with Smoking

Yılmaz

Kayançiçek

2018

JCM

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Objectives: The adverse effects of smoking in various pathologies are mediated by its effects on the inflammatory system. The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) has recently emerged as an indicator of inflammation. We aimed to investigate the relationship between MHR and cigarette smoking. Patients and Methods: Three hundred and ninety seven consecutive participants who smoke and 515 healthy subjects with no history of smoking enrolled in the study. Complete blood count parameters and lipid profile were analyzed in all study participants. Smoking habits were calculated as pack.years and number of cigarettes smoked per day. Results: MHR levels were significantly higher in smokers compared to non-smokers (respectively, 15.71 (12.02–20.00) and 11.17 (8.50–14.16), p < 0.0001)). Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a weak but positive correlation between pack.year and MHR in the smokers group, and there was a moderate positive correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked daily and MHR in the group. In receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses, it was determined that a MHR value >13.00 measured in smoker participants at application had a predictive specificity of 66.6% and sensitivity of 70.0% for smoking (area under the curve [AUC] 0.729, 95% CI 0.696, 0.762; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Elevated MHR is associated with cigarette smoking and may be a useful indicator of a systemic inflammatory response in smokers. Smoker participants who have high MHR levels can easily be identified during routine complete blood count (CBC) analysis and could possibly benefit from preventive treatment.

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“…These results may be influenced by heterogeneous sampling methods, laboratory processing methods and data analysis 15 . An additional complicating factor is that clinical comorbidities which are strongly associated with disease activity in HS, such as obesity 16 , diabetes 17 , inflammatory bowel disease 18 , and smoking 19 also impact inflammatory cell activity in the skin 18,[20][21][22] . Hence it remains unclear whether the presence or absence of these conditions may confound the findings of immunohistochemical studies in HS 15,23 and whether clinical stratification of patients is required to identify distinct pathogenic pathways, which may be amenable to pharmacological intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and critical evaluation of immunohistochemical associations in hidradenitis suppurativa

2018

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Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with significant morbidity and impact on quality of life. Our understanding of the pathophysiology is incomplete, impairing efforts to develop novel therapeutic targets. Immunohistochemistry studies have produced conflicting results and no systematic evaluation of study methods and results has been undertaken to date. Methods: This systematic review aimed to collate and describe all reports of immunohistochemical staining in HS. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO and conducted in line with the PRISMA reporting guidelines. Potential bias was assessed using the NIH Criteria and antibodies used across various studies were tabulated and compared. Results: A total of 22 articles were identified describing results from 494 HS patients and 168 controls. 87 unique immunohistochemical targets were identified. The overall quality of studies was sub-optimal with staining intensity confounded by active treatment. Conflicting data was identified and able to be reconciled through critical evaluation of the study methodology. Conclusions: Keratinocyte hyperplasia with loss of cytokeratin markers co-localizes with inflammation comprising of dendritic Cells, T-lymphocytes and macrophages, which are known to play central roles in inflammation in HS. Primary follicular occlusion as a pathogenic paradigm and the principal driver of HS is not consistent with the findings of this review. Inflammation as a primary driver of disease with secondary hyperkeratosis and follicular occlusion is more consistent with the current published data.

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Inflammatory profile analysis reveals differences in cytokine expression between smokers, moist snuff users, and dual users compared to non-tobacco consumers

Abstract: We identified a set of five proteins as potential biomarkers that can inform of inflammation status due to tobacco usage. Our findings contribute a better understanding of how the use of different tobacco products contributes to inflammation.

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Evaluation of systemic inflammatory and thrombotic markers of cardiovascular risk among young Indian oral tobacco users

Evaluation of systemic inflammatory and thrombotic markers of cardiovascular risk among young Indian oral tobacco users

A New Inflammatory Marker: Elevated Monocyte to HDL Cholesterol Ratio Associated with Smoking

A systematic review and critical evaluation of immunohistochemical associations in hidradenitis suppurativa

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