Inflammatory Response and Neutrophil Functions in Players After a Futsal Match

Abstract

Inflammatory response and neutrophil functions in players after a futsal match. J Strength Cond Res 26(9): 2507-2514, 2012-Futsal players suffer injuries resulting from muscle fatigue and contact or collision among players. Muscle lesions can be detected by measuring muscle lesion markers such as creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in plasma. After an initial lesion, there is an increase in the plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and proinflammatory cytokines. These mediators may activate neutrophils and contribute to tissue damage and increase susceptibility to invasive microorganisms. In this study, we investigated the effect of a futsal match on muscle lesion markers, cytokines, and CRP in elite players. The basal and stimulated neutrophil responsiveness after a match was also evaluated based on measurements of neutrophil necrosis, apoptosis, phagocytic capacity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], interleukin [IL]-8, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-1ra) production. Blood samples were taken from 16 players (26.4 ± 3.2 years, 70.2 ± 6.9 kg, 59.7 ± 5.1 ml·kg·min, sports experience of 4.4 ± 0.9 years) before and immediately after a match. Exercise increased the serum activities of CK (2.5-fold) and LDH (1.3-fold). Playing futsal also increased the serum concentrations of IL-6 (1.6-fold) and CRP (1.6-fold). The TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-1ra, and IL-10 serum levels were not modified in the conditions studied. The futsal match induced neutrophil apoptosis, as indicated by phosphatidylserine externalization (6.0-fold). The exercise induced priming of neutrophils by increasing ROS (1.3-fold), TNF-α (5.8-fold), and IL-1β (4.8-fold) released in nonstimulated cells. However, in the stimulated condition, the exercise decreased neutrophil function, diminishing the release of ROS by phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated neutrophils (1.5-fold), and the phagocytic capacity (1.6-fold). We concluded that playing futsal induces inflammation, primes and activates neutrophils, and reduces the efficiency of neutrophil phagocytosis immediately after a match.

Leukocyte Populations are Associated with Heart Rate Variability After a Triathlon

“…They act as neuroendocrine mediators, corticosteroid releasing factors, interleukin producers, and are associated with oxidation-reduction processes that produce free radicals. Several studies have shown that most components of circulating leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, increase dramatically during exercise (de Moura et al, 2012; Gavrieli et al, 2008; Kakanis et al, 2010). The magnitude of this increase is related to its duration and intensity.…”

“…This temporary depression of immune function is a result of acute exercise or competition. Acute exercise also results in an increase of leukocytes and neutrophils, which are the first to migrate to the area of injury (de Moura et al, 2012; Tossige-Gomes et al, 2014); however, lymphocyte circulation is reduced (Gleeson, 2007; Park and Park, 2008). …”

A Review of Anthropometrical, Physiological, Psychological and Training Parameters of Futsal

“…It is also suggested a reduction to the frequency of high intensity microcycle throughout the season as well as to the number of weekly training sessions so as to reduce the injury risk (Medina, Lorente, Salillas, & Marqueta, in press). Concerning heamatological changes it was found that a futsal game creates inflammation, activates the neutrophils but with reduced activity and increases the concentration of the blood plasma (De Moura et al, 2012). On the other hand futsal players indicate higher level of bone density and lower osteoporosis risk (Mousavi, Khayambashi, & Rahnama, 2010;Rahnama, Bambaeichi, Khayambashi, & Jafarpour, 2009).…”

Chronic Inflammation And Neutrophil Activation As Possible Causes Of Joint Diseases In Ballet Dancers

“…The cells were then incubated for 30 min at 4 ∘ C. Ten thousand events were analyzed per sample. Fluorescence of the propidium iodide was measured using the FL2 channel (orange-red fluorescence = 585/545 nm) [18].…”

“…Hydroethidine is intracellularly oxidised by oxygen radicals, being converted into ethidium bromide that tightly binds to DNA and shows a strong red fluorescence that was measured using the FL3 channel of a FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, CA, USA). Ten thousand events were analyzed per experiment [15,18].…”