Inflight Polymerase Chain Reaction of samples with drones

Abid, Hassan Ali; Minifie, Tristan; Ong, Jian Wern; Lin, Eric Shen; Song, Zhixiong; Liew, Oi Wah; Ng, Tuck Wah

doi:10.1016/j.ab.2020.114098

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It has been previously ascertained that the use of thermal blocks kept at speci c temperatures for capillary tube PCR, bene tted from the blocks made from thermally non-conducting material due to the thermal inertia effect that it offers [15]. In order to be able to accomplish the excitation light delivery strategy that will facilitate qPCR as described in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Continuous-ow PCR is performed by pumping the mixture through a uidic channel into regions that are kept at different temperatures [12], while convective PCR involves the circulation of reactants between the hot and cool zones of the system that correspond to denaturation, annealing and extension [13]. More recently, an approach that applies programmed tilt displacements, so that the reactants held in capillary tubes are displaced by gravitational force to and from closely adjacent holding regions kept at different constant temperatures, has been shown to overcome many of the issues encountered with the other approaches [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filterless fluorescent DNA sensing in capillary tube PCR

Abid

Ong

Lin

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The method of applying programmed tilt displacements on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) reactants held in capillary tubes that are displaced to and from closely adjacent holding regions kept at different constant temperatures overcomes many of the issues encountered with other approaches. Investigations here found laser diode line generators to provide sufficient excitation light levels but not electroluminescent (EL) wires for fluorescent emission detection. When optical fiber sensing was used, the levels of excited light from scattering far exceeded the fluorescent emission levels from the reagent. Camera recording however enabled filterless detection of the fluorescent emission as the excitation light levels from the scattering was low enough and fluorescent imaging was facilitated by the point spread function (PSF) axial length conditions being met. The capacity for quantitative PCR was also illustrated using an architecture comprising a heated glass block.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filterless fluorescent DNA sensing in capillary tube PCR

Abid

Ong

Lin

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The simulation model for the sliding tilt method was tested according to the temperatures indicated in Table 2, which were thermal cycling parameters previously shown to be suitable for successful PCR [17,18]. In the simulation, it is assumed that the time taken for movement from one heated block to the next is 1 s. The manner in which the temperature distributions alter when the capillary tubes move from one heated block to another block is important.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal effects of water film condensates (which have higher heat transfer effects than drops) trapped in the slots of a stationary heated block for holding sample-containing capillary tubes are investigated. This is then contrasted with results obtained with the sliding tilt method to move the capillary tubes across differentially heated blocks with a slider [18]. This scheme by virtue of its mode of operation is expected to circumvent unwanted thermal effects from water condensate that forms on surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The earlier version of the programmed tilt prototype involved slot-guided translation of capillary tubes across differentially heated blocks [17]. An improved prototype employed slider-mediated translation of the capillary tubes across differentially heated blocks without slots [18]. With the use of thermal insulation material in the latter scheme, very low input power (within 18.5 W) was needed to conduct the PCR, making it amenable for incorporation into drones [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Analysis of the Role of Condensation in PCR with Capillary Tubes

Abid

Ong

Minifie

et al. 2022

Biomedical Materials & Devices

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Thermal profiling provides the understanding needed to enhance the reliability of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) systems, but is difficult to perform experimentally when the reagents are housed in capillary tubes. The use of 3D numerical simulation with COMSOL here showed that with capillary tubes attached to a slider that moved over 3 differentially heated blocks without slots, the central axis temperature points of the tube provided poorer estimates of the thermal performance of the scheme by as much as 8.5 °C compared with the average cross-sectional temperature. It also showed that a 2-mm-thick slider would be able to improve the thermal response characteristics of a 16.5-mm-thick slider by up to 12 °C. Despite this, the method provided the best immunity to condensation effects in PCR. With the standard stationary heated block method, the temperature profiles in the capillary tubes were found to be highly affected by the amount of water condensate present in the slots. Since condensation is random, this would result in fluctuating PCR thermal behavior. When the tilt method is conducted with slot-guided capillary tubes placed heated blocks, the condensate heat transfer problem remained with stiction also affecting the movements of the capillary tubes.

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