Influence Du Poids Maternel Sur L’evolution De La Grossesse Chez Les Gestantes Dans La Ville De Parakou En 2015 Au Benin

Abstract

Introduction:The World Health Organization considers for many years obesity as a pandemic which affects as well the developed countries as the developing ones.The consequences of the overweight on the medical, gynaeco-obstetrical, and surgical plan are no longer demonstrating. Objective:The current paper aims to study the influence of the weight of the mother on the evolution of the pregnancy with the pregnant women in the town of Parakou. Material and methodologicalapproaches: It was about a descriptive transversal study for an analytical purpose with forecast data collection. It has been conducted on a period of six (06) months going from 23rd of February to 31st of August 2015 and had covered 272 pregnant women in the town of Parakou.The sampling probabilistic method has been used according to the survey technique. Results:The average age of the surveyed women was about 26, 1± 5, 8 years old with the extremes of 14 and 51 years old. The predominance of the overweight and the obesity with the pregnant women in Parakou was respectively about 34, 9% and 15, 8%. The diabetes pregnant woman, the exceeding of term and the macrosomy were statistically associated with obesity. The diabetes pregnant women, the exceeding of term, the resuscitation at birth were statistically associated with overweight. Conclusion: The fight against overweight is one of the great challenges of this century. It has some consequences on obstetrical plan. A planning of pregnancies with the patients of overweight would then permit a clear improvement of the undertaking of their social securitywithin the maternities and an improvement of the maternal, perinatal and neonatal indicators.

Influence of Excessive Weight Gain on Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality in a University Hospital Environment in Cotonou

“…Similar data have been reported in studies carried out in the United States and Ireland which found similar prevalences of obesity to ours respectively 20% and 25.2% [13] [14]. Already in 2015, a study carried out in Parakou by Achille Awadé Afoukou et al had found a prevalence of obesity and overweight which was respectively 15.8% and 34.9% [7]. In the United Kingdom, a study had reported a prevalence of obesity estimated at 15% [12].…”

“…The dysgravidies such as gestational arterial hypertension, pre-eclampsia are clearly more frequent in obese and overweight women than in pregnant women of normal weight but statistically unrelated [7]. A study carried out in Cotonou found a prevalence of gestational hypertension at 4.7% in obese patients against 1.6% each in patients of normal weight [7]. These results remain lower than ours, and could be explained by the limitation of our analysis only to pregnant women who gained excessive weight during their pregnancy.…”

“…This link between dysgravidia (gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia) and excess weight has been widely demonstrated through several studies. The dysgravidies such as gestational arterial hypertension, pre-eclampsia are clearly more frequent in obese and overweight women than in pregnant women of normal weight but statistically unrelated [7]. A study carried out in Cotonou found a prevalence of gestational hypertension at 4.7% in obese patients against 1.6% each in patients of normal weight [7].…”

“…During our study, the pre-existence of excess weight and excessive weight gain during pregnancy were statistically linked to the occurrence of various pathologies that can lead to complications during childbirth. They can be maternal (gestational diabetes, gravid arterial hypertension, difficulties in childbirth) or fetal (outdated term, macrosomia or meconium aspiration) [7]. The risk of occurrence of one of these complications is further increased by significant weight gain during pregnancy [8] [10].…”

“…A systematic review of cohort studies shows that women with hyperglycemia (gestational diabetes) detected during pregnancy have a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including macrosomia, and shoulder dystocia [6]. In sub-Saharan Africa, data on the obstetrical repercussions of obesity are rare [7]. In Benin, a study carried out in a population of pregnant women at the reference university hospital of Cotonou in 2002 found diabetes mellitus, cesarean delivery, macrosomia associated with obesity [8].…”