Influence of 3DTV video contents on physiological and psychological measurements of emotional state

Sakamoto, Kiyomi; Asahara, Shigeo; Sakashita, Seiji; Yamashita, Kuniko; Okada, Akira

doi:10.1109/isce.2012.6241712

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This particular scene had a great influence on user emotion, with greater 3D effects than used in other films. While there are many studies comparing 2D and 3D on user experience, such as visual fatigue, presence, and emotion [5][6][7], little is known about the effect of emotional movie.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of affective and physiological responses to emotional movies

Kim

Cho

Park

2018

Hum. Cent. Comput. Inf. Sci.

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IntroductionThe three-dimensional movies are popular among today's generation. Following the success of the blockbuster movie Avatar, interest in 3D movies has increased significantly, leading to the production of more 3D movies. 3D televisions, 3D broadcasting and 3D Blu-ray movies also hit the market. More recently, virtual reality becomes a popular trend for consumers who want even more immersive 3D experiences. A few months ago Paramount Pictures launches the first virtual reality movie theater.Along with the rising popularity in 3D technologies, the biggest concern of creating 3D contents is to offer deeper and more meaningful experiences. Many works have shown that 3D images help users experience excitement, a feeling of presence, and enjoyment, and even performance advantages for depth-related tasks [1]. Despite the growing interest in 3D contents and technologies, few are concerned about viewers' perceptual and emotional responses to 3D stimuli.Much 3D related research is focused on technical factors, such as the fidelity of stereoscopic depth and reduction of visual discomforts while the viewer is watching 3D [2][3][4]. For example, subjective evaluation was used to compare visual fatigue induced by AbstractIn this research, we investigated on user's affective and physiological responses to the emotional movies. The emotional movies provide continuous feedback such as changes in saturation, brightness and contrast of the movie in response to users' emotional states. In the user study, the subjects watched the emotional movies, edited by fearful and joyful scenes, and presented in 2D and 3D formats. The subject's self-reported emotion responses and their physiological signals were analyzed. The results highlight the importance of scenes (such as, the color, tone, and brightness of the scene) than 2D or 3D format in understanding the impact of users' emotional responses. More physiological emotional changes, positive user responses and higher correlation rate between physiological and subjective responses were evident for joyful scene than fearful scene when presented in 3D format. Kim et al. Hum. Cent. Comput. Inf. Sci. (2018) et al. Hum. Cent. Comput. Inf. Sci. (2018) 8:15 2D and 3D high-definition television (HDTV) [5], but subjective evaluations often show considerable variation between individuals. RESEARCHPage 2 of 17 KimOn the other hand, physiological measurements provide a more objective evaluation for studying visual fatigue induced by a 3D display [6]. For example, the study on influence of 3D TV based on physiological signals measured the viewers' emotional states [7,8]. Results showed a correlation between the effect of physiological responses and emotional states. This indicates that physiological responses can be potentially ample indicators of emotionally engaging 3D video.Human emotion is a complex phenomenon with both affective and physiological components. The affective component refers to the users' subjective feeling while the physiological component refers to the physiological...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the study on influence of 3D TV based on physiological signals measured the viewers' emotional states [7,8]. Results showed a correlation between the effect of physiological responses and emotional states.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of affective and physiological responses to emotional movies

Kim

Cho

Park

2018

Hum. Cent. Comput. Inf. Sci.

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“…In addition, numerous studies have been carried out to evaluate visual fatigue using electroencephalogram (EEG) features in 3D display environment [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Other objective methods include electrocardiography (ECG) and galvanic skin resistance (GSR) in a 3D display environment [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Wang et al [42] used a questionnaire and optometric indicators comprising fusion range as well as accommodation convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio to investigate relationship between visual fatigue and viewers' phoria for viewing autostereoscopic 3D displays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the autonomic balance was found to be significantly different between the 2D and 3D groups. Sakamoto et al [39] studied the effect of watching a 3DTV video on physiological and subjective measurements of the TV viewer's emotional state. They showed that heart rate and HRV (LF/HF) increased in almost all participants who gave high scores for "comfortable," "like," and "relaxed"; however, this was not the case for "sensation of involvement."…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluating the User Physical Stresses Associated with Watching 3D and 2D Displays over Extended Time Using Heart Rate Variability, Galvanic Skin Resistance, and Performance Measure

Ramadan

Alhaag

2018

Journal of Sensors

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This paper compares the effects of viewing videos with 2D and 3D displays with regard to the viewing distance (3H vs. 6H, where H is the height of the screen) and viewing time to determine the physical stresses in terms of heart rate variability, galvanic skin resistance (GSR), and performance of the viewer (percent of correct responses). Twenty healthy male university students with a mean age ± standard deviation of 27.7 ± 2.53 years participated in this study as volunteers. None had color blindness, and all had normal vision acuity. Display type by viewing distance interaction had a significant effect on most of the heart rate variability measures and associated with watching time for the GSR responses. The results concluded that viewing the 3D display from a short viewing distance produced significantly high physical stresses compared to viewing the 2D display from the same short viewing distance. However, the 3D display seemed to impart lower physical stress than the 2D display at long viewing distances. The findings of this study indicate that physical stresses appeared significant at close viewing distance after watching a 3D display for 50 min and increased with continued watching time. In addition, viewer performance was higher for the 3D compared to 2D display type.

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“…2 Mun's experiment also showed that people with fatigue exhibit signi¯cantly reduced P600 amplitudes and delayed P600 latencies in the postviewing condition of one hour watching. 3 In addition, the video contents, 4 ambient illumination level, 5 the screen size, 1,6 the depth information of stereoscopic images 7,8 and the crosstalk 9,10 also could cause discomfort. Moreover, the discomfort may relate to human physical conditions as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of human health effect induced by depth information of stereo vision film

Wang

Qian

Xing

et al. 2015

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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The stereo vision results from the interaction between geometrical optics and visual psychology. Large depth will bring discomforts for the results of ghosting and°icker. The relevance of the ratio of jumping out depth (RJD) and electroencephalogram (EEG) gravity frequency (GF) was explored to re°ect human health under di®erent three-dimensional (3D) depth information (mainly the negative disparity) displayed on a three-dimensional television (3D-TV) with shutter glasses. EEG was obtained from 10 volunteers when they were watching 3D¯lm segments with di®erent negative disparities. The brain GF map shows that the depth information has a stronger in°uence on the frontal lobe than on the occipital lobe. For regression analysis, nonlinear curvē ttings of GF to RJD in Fp1, F3, O2 and T5 channels were mainly performed when RJD ranged from 0 to 3.4, while linear¯ttings were performed in some special RJD ranges. It also con¯rms that RJD above 2.2 may lead to discomfort to human body. Finally, it suggests a suitable RJD range for people to watch from the objective method. The outcomes can be used as a guidance to decrease human discomforts induced by 3D production.

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Influence of 3DTV video contents on physiological and psychological measurements of emotional state

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Comparative analysis of affective and physiological responses to emotional movies

Comparative analysis of affective and physiological responses to emotional movies

Evaluating the User Physical Stresses Associated with Watching 3D and 2D Displays over Extended Time Using Heart Rate Variability, Galvanic Skin Resistance, and Performance Measure

The study of human health effect induced by depth information of stereo vision film

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