Influence of a Fed or Fasted State on the s-IgA Response to Prolonged Cycling in Active Men and Women

Allgrove, Judith; Geneen, Louise J; Latif, Sarah; Gleeson, Michael

doi:10.1123/ijsnem.19.3.209

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This has been previously shown in laboratory work for IgA and Lys [1, 2] and our data extends this finding to an ultramarathon. However, our last time point could have been too short to assess Cort's effect on mucosal immunity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, Carbohydrate (CHO) consumption during a marathon [21], or immediately after 2 h of cycling at 75% VO 2 max [4], did not affect IgA concentration or secretion rate compared to the control group. In addition, saliva flow rate, IgA concentration, and IgA secretion rate after 2 h of cycling did not differ in subjects who were fed prior to exercise compared to those who cycled after an overnight fast [2]. Lys secretion rate was similar in the first hour of recovery after the ingestion of a CHO-protein drink consumed post exercise compared to the fasted group [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Response to Prolonged Running: A Field Based Observational Stduy

et al. 2013

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IntroductionProlonged exercise may compromise immunity through a reduction of salivary antimicrobial proteins (AMPs). Salivary IgA (IgA) has been extensively studied, but little is known about the effect of acute, prolonged exercise on AMPs including lysozyme (Lys) and lactoferrin (Lac).ObjectiveTo determine the effect of a 50-km trail race on salivary cortisol (Cort), IgA, Lys, and Lac.Methods14 subjects: (6 females, 8 males) completed a 50km ultramarathon. Saliva was collected pre, immediately after (post) and 1.5 hrs post race (+1.5).ResultsLac concentration was higher at +1.5 hrs post race compared to post exercise (p < 0.05). Lys was unaffected by the race (p > 0.05). IgA concentration, secretion rate, and IgA/Osm were lower +1.5 hrs post compared to pre race (p < 0.05). Cort concentration was higher at post compared to +1.5 (p < 0.05), but was unaltered from pre race levels. Subjects finished in 7.81±1.2 hrs. Saliva flow rate did not differ between time points. Saliva Osm increased at post (p < 0.05) compared to pre race.ConclusionsThe intensity could have been too low to alter Lys and Lac secretion rates and thus, may not be as sensitive as IgA to changes in response to prolonged running. Results expand our understanding of the mucosal immune system and may have implications for predicting illness after prolonged running.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Response to Prolonged Running: A Field Based Observational Stduy

et al. 2013

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“…Indeed, significant changes in s-IgA in nondisabled athletes have been previously observed following prolonged exercise (>90 min) [28][29] or high intensity exercise [30][31][32][33], most likely via alterations in the trancytosis of s-IgA across the epithelial lining [34] or through the production of s-IgA by the Blymphocytes that reside in the submucosa [35]. However, 1-h Post = 1 hour postexercise, End-Ex = after exercise, NK = natural killer, Pre-Ex = before exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoendocrine responses of male spinal cord injured athletes to 1-hour self-paced exercise: Pilot study

Allgrove

Chapman²,

Christides³

et al. 2012

JRRD

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Abstract-This study examined the effect of a 1 h, self-paced handcycling time trial on blood leukocytes, mucosal immunity, and markers of stress in paraplegic athletes. Nine male paraplegic athletes (spinal injury level thoracic 4-lumbar 2) performed 1 h of handcycling exercise on a standard 400 m athletics track. Heart rate (HR) was measured continuously during exercise, and a retrospective rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was obtained immediately after. Venous blood and saliva samples were collected immediately before exercise (Pre-Ex), after exercise (End-Ex), and 1 h postexercise (1-h Post). The athletes completed mean +/-standard error of mean 22.4 +/-1.1 km cycling at HR 165 +/-2 beats/min, RPE 15 +/-1, and blood lactate 7.9 +/-2.5 mmol/L. Total leukocytes increased 72% and neutrophils increased 74% End-Ex; both remained elevated at 1-h Post (both p < 0.05). Lymphocytes increased 53% and natural killer cells increased 175% End-Ex (both p < 0.05), but returned to near baseline levels 1-h Post. Increases (p < 0.05) were observed End-Ex in alpha-amylase activity (p < 0.05), which returned to baseline at 1-h Post, but there was no significant change in saliva flow rate, salivary immunoglobulin A, or cortisol. These data confirm that 1 h of handcycling exercise elevated circulating leukocytes but had a minimal effect on mucosal immunity. These changes appear to be associated with alpha-amylase rather than cortisol.

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“…Finally, it should be pointed out that biochemical outcomes were assessed after an overnight fast (10). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary testosterone and immunoglobulin A were increased by resistance training in adults with Down syndrome

Fornieles

Rosety

Elosegui

et al. 2014

Braz J Med Biol Res

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This study was designed to assess the influence of resistance training on salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels and hormone profile in sedentary adults with Down syndrome (DS). A total of 40 male adults with DS were recruited for the trial through different community support groups for people with intellectual disabilities. All participants had medical approval for participation in physical activity. Twenty-four adults were randomly assigned to perform resistance training in a circuit with six stations, 3 days per week for 12 weeks. Training intensity was based on functioning in the eight-repetition maximum (8RM) test for each exercise. The control group included 16 age-, gender-, and BMI-matched adults with DS. Salivary IgA, testosterone, and cortisol levels were measured by ELISA. Work task performance was assessed using the repetitive weighted-box-stacking test. Resistance training significantly increased salivary IgA concentration (P=0.0120; d=0.94) and testosterone levels (P=0.0088; d=1.57) in the exercising group. Furthermore, it also improved work task performance. No changes were seen in the controls who had not exercised. In conclusion, a short-term resistance training protocol improved mucosal immunity response as well as salivary testosterone levels in sedentary adults with DS.

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Influence of a Fed or Fasted State on the s-IgA Response to Prolonged Cycling in Active Men and Women

Cited by 20 publications

References 53 publications

Antimicrobial Response to Prolonged Running: A Field Based Observational Stduy

Antimicrobial Response to Prolonged Running: A Field Based Observational Stduy

Immunoendocrine responses of male spinal cord injured athletes to 1-hour self-paced exercise: Pilot study

Salivary testosterone and immunoglobulin A were increased by resistance training in adults with Down syndrome

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