Influence of a new abutment design concept on the biomechanics of peri-implant bone, implant components, and microgap formation: a finite element analysis

Abstract

Background A new two-piece abutment design consisting of an upper prosthetic component and tissue-level base has been introduced; however, the biomechanical behavior of such a design has not been documented. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a two-piece abutment design on the stress in the implant components and surrounding bone, as well as its influence on microgap formation. Methods To simulate the implant models in the mandibular left first molar area, we established nine experimental groups that included three bone qualities (type II, III, and IV) and three implant–abutment designs (internal bone level, tissue level, and a two-piece design). After the screw was preloaded, the maximum occlusal (600 N) and masticatory (225 N) forces were established. Finite element analysis was performed to analyze the maximum and minimum principal stresses on the peri-implant bone; the von Mises stresses in the implants, abutments, bases, and screws, and the microgaps at the implant–abutment, implant–base, and base–abutment interfaces. Results For all three loading methods, the two-piece abutment design and bone-level connection exhibited similarities in the maximum and minimum principal stresses in the peri-implant bone. The von Mises stresses in both screws and bases were greater for the two-piece design than for the other connection types. The smallest microgap was detected in the tissue-level connection; the largest was observed at the implant–base interface in the two-piece design. Conclusions The present study found no evidence that the abutment design exerts a significant effect on peri-implant bone stress. However, the mechanical effects associated with the base and screws should be noted when using a two-piece abutment design. The two-piece abutment design also had no advantage in eliminating the microgap.

Effect of different implant locations and abutment types on stress and strain distribution under non-axial loading: A 3-dimensional finite element analysis

“…When assessing the stresses in the abutments the lowest stresses were observed in the tissue level with type IV bone group (115.02 MPa), while the highest were observed in the two-piece with type IV bone group (607.63 MPa). Similar to the analysis by Nie et al., 20 this present study also investigated the von Mises stress values found in different abutments as a result of loading and stress distributions. The implant with a non-hexagonal abutment located in the site of maxillary left canine on model 3 reported the highest von mises value (123.07 MPa) while the lowest stress value (73.50 MPa) was seen on the implant with a hexagonal abutment in place of the maxillary right canine in model 1.…”

“…A previous study by Nie et al., 20 completed a similar assessment as the present study by evaluating implant abutment design (internal bone level, tissue level, and a two piece design) and microgap formation on the stress distribution on both the implant and the surrounding bone, including different bone qualities (type II, III, and IV). This previous study reported that the two-piece design with type II bone displayed minimum stress (356.55 MPa) in the implants, whereas the maximum stress occurred in the bone level design with type IV bone (578.29 MPa).…”

Clinical efficacy of a two‐piece abutment conforming to the concept of one abutment one time in the posterior region: A clinical pilot study

“…Hence, additional investigation is warranted to address this concern and ensure the sustainability of the procedure. Nie et al 42 suggested in a recent finite element analysis that in standard dental implants (with a 4.3 mm diameter), the distributions of maximum and minimum principal stresses in the peri-implant bone were similar between the connections of the two-piece abutment model and the traditional abutment model.…”

The Stresses and Deformations in the Abfraction Lesions of the Lower Premolars Studied by the Finite Element Analyses: Case Report and Review of Literature

“…Many authors consider that, although time-consuming, FEA analysis helps us to explain the occurrence of a series of unwanted phenomena at the level of some teeth, implants, direct or indirect restorations, and the dental materials used, and can indicate the vulnerable areas where maximum stresses and deformations are developed [57][58][59][60][61][62]. Jakupović A. et al [63] found that the type of tooth loading has the greatest influence on the intensity of stress.…”