Influence of Absorption by Environmental Water Vapor on Radiation Transfer in WildLand Fires

Frankman, David; Webb, Brent W.; Butler, Bret W.

doi:10.1080/00102200701741400

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Many environmental factors influence how these fires behave but fuel moisture content (FMC) has long been shown to influence how wildland fires ignite and spread (Gisborne 1936;Fons 1946;Anderson and Rothermel 1965;Van Wilgen et al 1985;Cruz et al 2005;Davies et al 2009). Fuel moisture can affect the preheating of fuels (Byram 1959), and the resulting water vapour can attenuate radiant heat transfer to adjacent fuels (Frankman et al 2008), causing fires to spread faster through fuels with lower moisture contents (Anderson and Rothermel 1965).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

De-coupling seasonal changes in water content and dry matter to predict live conifer foliar moisture content

Jolly

Hadlow

Huguet

2014

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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2014. Decoupling seasonal changes in water content and dry matter to predict live conifer foliar moisture content. Int. J. Wildland Fire. 23(4):480-489.Abstract. Live foliar moisture content (LFMC) significantly influences wildland fire behaviour. However, characterising variations in LFMC is difficult because both foliar mass and dry mass can change throughout the season. Here we quantify the seasonal changes in both plant water status and dry matter partitioning. We collected new and old foliar samples from Pinus contorta for two growing seasons and quantified their LFMC, relative water content (RWC) and dry matter chemistry. LFMC quantifies the amount of water per unit fuel dry weight whereas RWC quantifies the amount of water in the fuel relative to how much water the fuel can hold at saturation. RWC is generally a better indicator of water stress than is LFMC. We separated water mass from dry mass for each sample and we attempted to best explain the seasonal variations in each using our measured physiochemical variables. We found that RWC explained 59% of variation in foliar water mass. Additionally, foliar starch, sugar and crude fat content explained 87% of the variation in seasonal dry mass changes. These two models combined explained 85% of the seasonal variations in LFMC. These results demonstrate that changes to dry matter exert a stronger control on seasonal LFMC dynamics than actual changes in water content, and they challenge the assumption that LFMC variations are strongly related to water stress. This methodology could be applied across a range of plant functional types to better understand the factors that drive seasonal changes in LFMC and live fuel flammability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

De-coupling seasonal changes in water content and dry matter to predict live conifer foliar moisture content

Jolly

Hadlow

Huguet

2014

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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“…With respect to absorption of thermal radiation by atmospheric moisture, Raj (2008aRaj ( , 2008b suggests that atmospheric absorption can reduce energy transport from flames; however, work by Frankman et al (2008) indicates that absorption of thermal radiation from wildland flames due to water vapour in the air is less than 16% for distances equal to 10 times the flame height.…”

Section: Safety Zone Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildland firefighter safety zones: a review of past science and summary of future needs

Butler¹

2014

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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Current wildland firefighter safety zone guidelines are based on studies that assume flat terrain, radiant heating, finite flame width, constant flame temperature and high flame emissivity. Firefighter entrapments and injuries occur across a broad range of vegetation, terrain and atmospheric conditions generally when they are within two flame heights of the fire. Injury is not confined to radiant heating or flat terrain; consequently, convective heating should be considered as a potential heating mode. Current understanding of energy transport in wildland fires is briefly summarised, followed by an analysis of burn injury mechanisms within the context of wildland fire safety zones. Safety zone theoretical and experimental studies are reviewed and a selection of wildland fire entrapments are examined within the context of safe separation distances from fires. Recommendations are made for future studies needed to more fully understand and define wildland firefighter safety zones.

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Influence of the Method of Water Supply to the Zone of a Forest Fire on the Efficiency of its Extinguishing

Кузнецов

Жданова

Стрижак

et al. 2020

J Eng Phys Thermophy

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Influence of Absorption by Environmental Water Vapor on Radiation Transfer in WildLand Fires

Abstract: The attenuation o/radiation transfer from wi/d/andjlames to fuel by environmental water vapor is investigated. Emission is tracked from points on an idealized flame to locations

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

De-coupling seasonal changes in water content and dry matter to predict live conifer foliar moisture content

De-coupling seasonal changes in water content and dry matter to predict live conifer foliar moisture content

Wildland firefighter safety zones: a review of past science and summary of future needs

Influence of the Method of Water Supply to the Zone of a Forest Fire on the Efficiency of its Extinguishing

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