Influence of Acid Modification on Selective Phenol Hydrogenation Over Pd/Activated Carbon Catalysts

Watanabe, Shuichi; Arunajatesan, Venu

doi:10.1007/s11244-010-9551-3

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Prior research on the one‐step hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone showed that cyclohexanone is, under standard conditions, a reactive intermediate and was easily further hydrogenated to cyclohexanol, and high selectivity (>95 %) at elevated conversion (>80 %) is a great challenge 165. 187, 188 Pd@mpg‐C 3 N 4 was shown to be highly active in hydrogenation and promoted the selective formation of cyclohexanone even under an atmospheric pressure of hydrogen and under aqueous conditions. For example, the catalytic hydrogenation of phenol with 5 mol % Pd@mpg‐C 3 N 4 in water at 65 °C proceeded with 99 % conversion in 2 h and more than 99 % selectivity for cyclohexanone.…”

Section: Applications Of Carbon Nitridementioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Heterogeneous Organocatalyst: From Photochemistry to Multipurpose Catalysis to Sustainable Chemistry

2011

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Polymeric graphitic carbon nitride materials (for simplicity: g-C(3)N(4)) have attracted much attention in recent years because of their similarity to graphene. They are composed of C, N, and some minor H content only. In contrast to graphenes, g-C(3)N(4) is a medium-bandgap semiconductor and in that role an effective photocatalyst and chemical catalyst for a broad variety of reactions. In this Review, we describe the "polymer chemistry" of this structure, how band positions and bandgap can be varied by doping and copolymerization, and how the organic solid can be textured to make it an effective heterogenous catalyst. g-C(3)N(4) and its modifications have a high thermal and chemical stability and can catalyze a number of "dream reactions", such as photochemical splitting of water, mild and selective oxidation reactions, and--as a coactive catalytic support--superactive hydrogenation reactions. As carbon nitride is metal-free as such, it also tolerates functional groups and is therefore suited for multipurpose applications in biomass conversion and sustainable chemistry.

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Section: Applications Of Carbon Nitridementioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Heterogeneous Organocatalyst: From Photochemistry to Multipurpose Catalysis to Sustainable Chemistry

2011

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“…Ein organischer Halbleiter, der photochemisch Wasserstoff freisetzt, kann natürlich auch die umgekehrte Reaktion katalysieren, nämlich die Hydrierung von Doppelbindungen. Wegen der schon oben diskutierten kinetischen Hemmung, organische kovalente Bindungen zu spalten, ist es hilfreich, [165,187,188] [165,189] Das katalytische System Pd@mpg-C 3 [130] Der Katalysator ist hoch aktiv und ergibt eine hohe Ausbeute der entsprechenden Ester in sehr kurzer Zeit. Die gleiche Gruppe zeigte auch, dass die Einkapselung von Au-Nanopartikeln in N-haltigen Kohlenstoffen einen hochaktiven, selektiven und wiedergewinnbaren Katalysator ergibt, der Benzaldehyd, Piperidin und Phenylacetylen zum entsprechenden Propargylamin kondensieren kann, eine Reaktion, die anderwärts nur von sehr starken Basen wie Butyllithium, Organomagnesium-Reagentien oder Lithiumdiisopropylamid katalysiert wird (Schema 8).…”

Section: Anwendung In Hydrierungenunclassified

Polymeres graphitisches Kohlenstoffnitrid als heterogener Organokatalysator: von der Photochemie über die Vielzweckkatalyse hin zur nachhaltigen Chemie

2011

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Polymere graphitische Kohlenstoffnitrid‐Materialien (vereinfacht g‐C3N4), die nur aus C, N und Spuren von H bestehen, sind in den letzten Jahren wieder verstärkt in das Zentrum des Interesses gerückt, wohl auch wegen der Ähnlichkeit zu Graphit. g‐C3N4 ist anders als Graphit ein Halbleiter mit mittlerer Bandlücke und damit ein effektiver (Photo)‐Katalysator für eine ganze Reihe von Reaktionen. In diesem Aufsatz beschreiben wir die “Polymerchemie” des synthetischen Aufbaus, wie die Bandlagen und die Bandlücke durch Copolymerisation und Dotierung verändert werden können und wie Änderungen der Festkörpertextur die Effektivität dieses heterogenen Organokatalysators verbessern können. g‐C3N4 und seine Modifikationen zeigen eine sehr hohe thermische und chemische Stabilität und katalysieren eine ganze Reihe von “Traumreaktionen”, wie die photochemische Spaltung von Wasser, milde und selektive Oxidationsreaktionen, oder – als coaktiver Katalysatorträger – superschnelle Hydrierungen. Da Kohlenstoffnitrid metallfrei ist, toleriert es funktionelle Gruppen und ist daher für Vielzweckanwendungen in der Umwandlung von Biomasse und in der nachhaltigen Chemie geeignet.

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“…Similar observations have also been reported. [35] As for hydrochloric acid treatment, the surface area and the pore volumes are generally enhanced due to the removal of the ash during acid treatment. [32,36]…”

Section: Surface Area Of Samples Of Ac Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesized Gold/Activated Carbon Catalyst for Aerobic Glucose Oxidation: Influence of Acid Treatment on Activated Carbon

Lü

Jiang

et al. 2017

Chin. J. Chem.

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The biosynthesized gold/activated carbon catalysts for glucose oxidation were prepared with Cacumen platycladi leaves extract, and activated carbon (AC) was modified with hydrochloric acid and nitric acid to modify its surface chemistry and used as supports. The catalysts with acid‐treated AC exhibited improving activity for the selective oxidation of glucose, when compared to that with untreated one. In order to investigate the influence of the acid treatment for the catalysts performance, the surface chemical properties of AC were characterized by Brunauer‐ Emmett‐Teller surface area characterization, Boehm titration, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The dispersion of AuNPs on AC was observed by transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The results indicated that the catalysts with acid treated supports showed improved dispersion than that of untreated one, which may be the result that the supports significantly increase the surface functional groups and remove the ash after acid treatment.

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Influence of Acid Modification on Selective Phenol Hydrogenation Over Pd/Activated Carbon Catalysts

Cited by 39 publications

References 34 publications

Polymeric Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Heterogeneous Organocatalyst: From Photochemistry to Multipurpose Catalysis to Sustainable Chemistry

Polymeric Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Heterogeneous Organocatalyst: From Photochemistry to Multipurpose Catalysis to Sustainable Chemistry

Polymeres graphitisches Kohlenstoffnitrid als heterogener Organokatalysator: von der Photochemie über die Vielzweckkatalyse hin zur nachhaltigen Chemie

Biosynthesized Gold/Activated Carbon Catalyst for Aerobic Glucose Oxidation: Influence of Acid Treatment on Activated Carbon

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