Influence of addition of two typical activated carbons on fertility properties and mechanical strength of vegetation concrete under freeze-thaw conditions

Liu, Daxiang; Liu, Deyu; Gao, Jiazhen; Yang, Yixin; Ding, Yu; Guo, Chaoqi; Zhang, Xiu‐Zheng; Xia, Zhenyao; Xu, Wennian

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156446

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…In addition, for H and N elements, their contents in pristine and Ca-rich biochar did not change regularly during aging, and fluctuated within a negligible range (Figure S1e-l). Only an obvious decrease in N contents in aged BDBC and Ca-BDBC may be due to the volatilization of small N-containing components [40,41].…”

Section: Exogenous Calcium Served As An "Armor" To Protect C During B...mentioning

confidence: 98%

New Insights into the Enhancement Effect of Exogenous Calcium on Biochar Stability during Its Aging in Farmland Soil

et al. 2023

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Converting biowaste into biochar and incorporating it into soil is recognized as an effective method for carbon (C) sequestration. However, biochar inevitably undergoes an aging process in soil, which influences its stability, and ultimately threatens its carbon sequestration ability. This study selected CaCl2 as an exogenous additive of sewage sludge and bone dreg for producing Ca-rich biochars, and both surface C and bulk C stability in them were investigated under three aging processes (dry–wet aging, freeze–thaw aging, and natural aging in farmland soil). The results showed that the above three aging processes resulted in oxidized surface C in Ca-rich biochar decreasing by 10~23%, 28~41%, and 0~74%, respectively, compared with that in pristine biochar, while oxidized bulk C decreased by 6~10%, 0~1%, and 0~35%, respectively. This was attributed to the “protective effect” of Ca-containing crystals on the biochar surface, including CaO, Ca5(PO4)3Cl, Ca5(PO4)3(OH), Ca8H2(PO4)6·H2O, and Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, which intervened in the oxidation of C–C/C=C in biochar but also reduced the generation of a fragmented C structure. By comprehensively assessing surface C and bulk C stability under three aging processes, final C sequestration in Ca-rich biochar increased to 27~80%, compared to that in pristine biochar (23~74%). Therefore, Ca-rich biochar is more dominant than pristine biochar, considering C sequestration potential during long-term aging in soil.

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Section: Exogenous Calcium Served As An "Armor" To Protect C During B...mentioning

confidence: 98%

New Insights into the Enhancement Effect of Exogenous Calcium on Biochar Stability during Its Aging in Farmland Soil

et al. 2023

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“…It is an ultrafine powder collected as a by-product of silicon and ferrosilicon alloy production. It can enhance various properties of concrete both in the fresh as well as in hardened states like cohesiveness, strength, permeability and durability [19]. It is seen that as the percentage of silica fume increases the strength of concrete increases irrespective of the grade of concrete.…”

Section: Fly Ash and Silica Fumementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average compressive strength of M40 grade concrete with each combined replacement varied from 63. 19 Figure 13 shows five combinations which result in higher compressive strength. They are, (i) SF -6%, FA -9%, RR -1% and POP -4%, (ii) SF -7%, FA -6%, RR -1% and POP -2%, (iii) SF -10%, FA -4%, RR -1% and POP -2%, (iv) SF -10%, FA -8%, RR -2% and POP -2% and (v) SF -10%, FA -9%, RR -2% and POP -3%.…”

Section: Figure 11 Compressive Strength Of Reclaimed Rubber Replaced ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Mechanical Properties of Green Concrete

et al. 2022

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Green concrete is a type of concrete that uses waste materials as one of its ingredients. Hazardous wastes like fly ash and silica fume can be used to partially replace cement in concrete, which varies in physical and chemical properties. On the other hand, the increase in automobiles in urban and rural areas has led to an increase in the number of waste tires, which promotes environmental pollution due to disposal issues throughout the world. This study aims to use waste materials which can partially replace cement and conventional aggregates in the concrete mix. Fly Ash (FA), Silica Fume (SF), and Plaster of Paris (PP) replaced cement, whereas Reclaimed Rubber (RR) partially replaced coarse aggregates by weight. This work is focused on experimentation and simulation of M 40 grade mix using the above four materials. 306 cubes were cast by replacing cement with FA, SF, and PP in 3% increments up to 24%. Similarly, coarse aggregates were replaced with RR using the same proportion. Compression tests were carried out using a Universal Testing Machine. 12% silica fume replacement exhibited maximum strength during individual replacement of materials in concrete, which is selected as the optimum percentage replacement. FA and PP developed ultimate strength at 9% replacement of cement in the concrete mix, which is considered the optimum replacement percentage. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) model was developed using a C++ program to simulate various combinations of FA, SF, PP, and RR based on individual optimum replacement percentage. Hence, 1600 combinations were identified with the above four materials. Hence, GA was used as a tool to simulate the compressive strength of concrete to reduce time and cost. During simulation of combined replacement using GA, very high and very low compressive strength values were neglected, and 32 combinations were selected based on optimum compressive strength values. Finally, five combinations (C1-C5) were recognized, which resulted in higher compressive strength than individual optimum values after simulation. The GA-based numerical results were validated by casting 15 cubes for all the five combinations. 15 beam samples of size 100 150 1500 mm were cast with the above five combinations, cured and tested using a loading frame. A load-deflection curve was plotted, which showed that material replacement increased the flexural strength of the concrete mix. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-05-012 Full Text: PDF

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“…It is characterized by a base material made of cement as a binder, mixed with planting soil, organic materials, eco-conditioner, water, and seeds of herbaceous plants and shrubs 6 . This mixture becomes the medium for incorporating herb and shrub seeds, The organic combination of mechanical stability and ecological function has been achieved 7 . However, several questions remain unanswered: What are the carbon emissions from the transition from herbaceous plants and shrubs to trees?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil carbon emissions and influential factors across various stages of vegetation succession in vegetated concrete

Xu,

Luo,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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After ecological restoration of high and steep slopes in the project disturbed area, soil properties, soil microorganisms, litter types and root types change with the succession of vegetation cover communities. However, the effects of different vegetation successional stages on soil respiration dynamics remain unclear. To elucidate trends and drivers of soil respiration in the context of vegetation succession, we used spatio-temporal alternative applied research. Vegetated concrete-restored slopes (VC) with predominantly herbaceous (GS), shrub (SS), and arborvitae (AS) vegetation were selected, and naturally restored slopes (NS) were used as control. SRS1000 T soil carbon flux measurement system was used to monitor soil respiration rate. The results showed that soil respiration (RS) and fractions of all four treatments showed a single-peak curve, with peaks concentrated in July and August. During the succession of vegetation from herbaceous to arborvitae on VC slopes, RS showed a decreasing trend, and GS was significantly higher than AS by 45%; Compared to NS, RS was 29.81% and 21.56% higher in GS and SS successional stages, respectively, and 27.51% lower in AS stage. RS was significantly and positively correlated with nitrate nitrogen (NO3–-N) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), both of which are important factors in regulating RS under vegetation succession. A bivariate model of soil temperature and water content explains the variability of Rs better. Overall, RS was higher than NS in the transition stage and lower than NS in the equilibrium stage of the vegetation community on VC slopes, and the RS decreases gradually with the vegetation succession of artificial ecological restoration slopes.

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Influence of addition of two typical activated carbons on fertility properties and mechanical strength of vegetation concrete under freeze-thaw conditions

Cited by 14 publications

References 92 publications

New Insights into the Enhancement Effect of Exogenous Calcium on Biochar Stability during Its Aging in Farmland Soil

New Insights into the Enhancement Effect of Exogenous Calcium on Biochar Stability during Its Aging in Farmland Soil

A Study on the Mechanical Properties of Green Concrete

Soil carbon emissions and influential factors across various stages of vegetation succession in vegetated concrete

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