Influence of additives and their molecular structure on the static and dynamic wetting of oil on steel at room temperature

Kus, Maja; Kalin, Mitjan

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.06.111

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In fact, our very recent studies on the effect of additives (simple organic friction modifiers) on the oil-steel wetting show a notable rise in the oleophobic properties of steel surface due to additive adsorption, both at 25 ℃ due to physisorption [21] and at 100 ℃ due to chemisorption [22]. Moreover, relevant molecular structure effects, such as the number of polar groups, chain length, polarity and saturation, were identified in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Moreover, relevant molecular structure effects, such as the number of polar groups, chain length, polarity and saturation, were identified in these studies. Accordingly, in this study we analyse how these, the same simple organic friction modifiers, as used in [21,22] and with the same variation of their molecular structures, affect the friction in EHD steel-on-steel contacts at room temperature of 25 ℃ and also at increased temperature of 100 ℃. Moreover, the adsorption of the additives is analysed via attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) to explain and support the friction results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New strategy for reducing the EHL friction in steel contacts using additive-formed oleophobic boundary films

Kalin

Kus

2020

Friction

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In this study we present a mechanism for the elastohydrodynamic (EHD) friction reduction in steel/steel contacts, which occurs due to the formation of oleophobic surface boundary layers from common boundary-lubrication additives. Several simple organic additives (amine, alcohol, amide, and fatty acid) with different molecular structures were employed as the model additives. It was found that the stronger chemisorption at 100 °C, rather than the physisorption at 25 °C, is more effective in friction reduction, which reaches 22%. What is more, EHD friction reduction was obtained in steel/steel contacts without use of the diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings with their wetting or thermal effect, which was previously suggested as possible EHD friction reduction mechanism; yet about the same friction reduction of about 20% was obtained here—but with much simpler and less expensive technology, namely with the adsorbed oleophobic surface layers. A small variation in the additive’s molecular structure results in significant changes to the friction, indicating good potential in future EHD lubrication technology, where these additives could be designed and well optimised for notable reduction of the friction losses in the EHD regime.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New strategy for reducing the EHL friction in steel contacts using additive-formed oleophobic boundary films

Kalin

Kus

2020

Friction

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“…Moreover, if the additives can affect the wetting properties, instead of hard surface coatings such as DLC, this would have a huge beneficial economic effect due to the lower cost and easier application method than the surface coatings on the most commonly used steel surfaces. Our latest investigations showed that additives indeed modify the wetting, both at room [95] and elevated temperatures. As seen in Fig.…”

Section: Oil-surface Boundary Slipmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Influence of a) different number of COOH groups; b) different chain length of the additive; c) different polarity of functional groups; and d) saturation of additive on advancing contact angle for steel with and without additives[95] (Note: nine polar molecules were used as additives, having different chain length, polar head-group, saturation and number of polar head-groups. )…”

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confidence: 99%

Green Tribology for the Sustainable Engineering of the Future

Kalin

Kus

Majdič

2019

SV-JME

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Environmental awareness and especially the legislation that requires the reduction of polluting emissions are strong driving forces toward more sustainable engineering and greener solutions in the design, use and overall life span of machinery. However, providing novel concepts that will exclude non-environmentally adapted, but over many years developed and optimized solutions, is not an easy task. It clearly requires time if the same level of technical performance is to be maintained. Green tribology is one of the fields that has been closely involved in these actives in the past two decades. The research and use of tribology science and technology toward green and sustainable engineering include natural material usage, lower energy consumption, reducing natural oil resources, reducing pollution and emissions, fewer maintenance requirements and thus reduced machinery-investment cycles. This report is not an attempt to cover all the existing concepts, attempts or literature available in the field, but mainly those efforts that our group has been working on over the past 20 years, which mainly includes novel green-lubrication concepts that come from exploring and exploiting surface engineering through the use of diamond-like-carbon (DLC) coatings.

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“…We visually confirmed that all the solutions were clear at the temperature of 40 °C used for friction measurements. It was reported that the standard concentration of friction modifiers in pratical applications can vary by up to 4 wt.% (Kus and Kalin, 2019). The viscosity of PAO6 with and without 1 wt.% OFMs is Xiaowei Zhang, Tsukamoto, Hedong Zhang, Mitsuya, Itoh and Fukuzawa, Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing, Vol.14, No.4 (2020) listed in Table 1; it was measured with a viscometer (TPE-100, Toki Sangyo) at the same temperature of 40 °C as in the friction measurements.…”

Section: Experimental Details 21 Lubricantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of application of molecules with a cyclic head group containing a free radical as organic friction modifiers

Zhang

Tsukamoto

Zhang

et al. 2020

JAMDSM

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For achieving sustainable development in harmony with nature, it is crucial to establish a green lubrication that is environmentally friendly and can improve the energy efficiency by reducing the friction and wear in mechanical systems (Zhang, 2013). For example, it is estimated that about 23 % of the total energy of the world is lost owing to tribological contacts, which can be subdivided into 20 % for friction and 3 % for wear (Holmberg and Erdemir, 2017).

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Influence of additives and their molecular structure on the static and dynamic wetting of oil on steel at room temperature

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

New strategy for reducing the EHL friction in steel contacts using additive-formed oleophobic boundary films

New strategy for reducing the EHL friction in steel contacts using additive-formed oleophobic boundary films

Green Tribology for the Sustainable Engineering of the Future

Experimental study of application of molecules with a cyclic head group containing a free radical as organic friction modifiers

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