Influence of aerobic fitness on vasoreactivity in young men

Bell, Preston L.; Kelley, Edward; McCoy, Stephanie M.; Credeur, Daniel P.

doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3698-6

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although a tendency for a decrease was noted (p = 0.083), sitting did not significantly impact Tone%, a measure believed to reflect the vasoactive balance between dilator and constrictor pathways. 3 We would like to note, after sitting HRV responses did favor greater parasympathetic activity (i.e., greater SDNN, and lower LF), which should correspond to a decrease in Tone%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Data were consolidated into 1-second bins and processed through a custom calculation macro (visual basic; Microsoft Excel). 3 Diameter and blood velocity data from the 2-minute baseline recording were averaged (Diamrest), and the largest diameter after cuff release during the FMD was considered peak (Diampeak), and used to calculate FMD in both absolute (mm) and relative (%) terms; i.e., FMD change = (Diampeak − Diamrest)/Diamrest × 100. Shear rate (s −1 ) was calculated as 4 × mean blood velocity/diameter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Low-flow mediated constriction (L-FMC) was calculated and combined with FMD (FMD+L-FMC) to estimate overall vasoreactivity. 3…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Prolonged Sitting on Peripheral and Central Vascular Health

Credeur

Miller

Jones

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Cardiology

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124

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Prolonged, uninterrupted sitting negatively impacts markers of peripheral vascular health, particularly, vasodilatory function of leg arteries. Whether sitting can similarly impact measures of central vascular health, as well as overall leg vasoreactivity (i.e., vaso-dilatory and vasoconstrictor function) remains unknown. To address this, measurements were made in relatively healthy participants (i.e., free of overt disease; n = 20, age = 26 § 7; body mass index = 30 § 7 kg/m2; 7 female) pre, during and post 3 hours of uninterrupted sitting. Measures of central vascular health included arterial wave reflection (augmentation index and Reflection Magnitude-RM%) and aortic vascular stiffness (aortic pulse wavevelocity). Local vasoreactivity of the distal, posterior tibialartery was measured using flow-mediated dilation-FMD, coupled with low-flow mediated constriction, and microvascular function was assessed through the total hyperemic blood velocity (area-under-curve) response during FMD. After sitting, there was a significant increase in aortic pulse wave velocity (pre sit = 5.7 § 0.3 vs post sit = 6.1 § 0.3 m/s; p=0.009, d = 0.36), whereas, augmentation index decreased (pre sit=13 § 3 vs post sit=3 § 1%; p < 0.001, d = 0.71). Albeit a moderate effect for decrease, RM % was not significantly altered during sitting (p = 0.13, d = 0.3). Vasodilatory (i.e., FMD pre sit = 0.5 § 0.04 vs post sit =0.3 § 0.04 mm; p = 0.014, d = 0.29) and micro vascular function (i.e., Microvascular area-under-curve: pre sit = 2,196 § 333 vs1, 157 §172 AU; p = 0.003, d = 0.31) decreased, but vasoconstrictor function (low-flow mediated constriction; p = 0.85, d = 0.005) was unaffected by sitting. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that a prolonged bout of uninterrupted sitting negatively impacts markers of peripheral and central vascular health in relatively healthy adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Prolonged Sitting on Peripheral and Central Vascular Health

Credeur

Miller

Jones

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Cardiology

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124

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“…Previous work has indicated that the YMCA cycle test provides a valid and reliable estimate of VO 2 max in healthy individuals ( Beekley et al, 2004 ; McArdle et al, 2010 ). This test was commonly used in studies similar to age group in the present study ( Siconolfi et al, 1982 ; Marks et al, 1999 ; Zhang and Ye, 2005 ; Bell et al, 2017 ; Shi et al, 2018 ). In this protocol, the participants performed consecutive stages, each with increasing force, and lasting for 3 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Influence the Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Executive Function?

Cui¹,

Zou²,

Herold³

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Background The beneficial effects of acute exercise on executive function have been well-documented, but the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on this effect requires further investigations, especially using imaging technique. This study aimed to examine the effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on acute exercise-induced changes on behavioral performance and on functional brain activation. Method Based on their cardiorespiratory fitness level, 62 participants ranked in the top and bottom of the maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2 max) were finally selected and allocated to high-fit group or low-fit group. Both groups were asked to complete the Stroop task after 30 min of aerobic exercise and chair-seated rest (control session). Among them, 26 participants were randomly selected and asked to undergo the Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Results Behavioral results showed that individuals responded significantly faster after exercise than those in the control session. The fMRI results revealed a significant interaction effects of Group by Session in brain regions including anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and bilateral dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). For the ACC, activation in the high-fit group was significantly decreased after aerobic exercise compared to those in the control session; whereas an increased activation was noticed in the low-fit group. Regarding to the bilateral DLPFC, activation in high-fit group was significantly decreased after exercise compared to those in the control session, while no significant differences were found in the low-fit group. In addition, for the post-exercise session, a significant positive correlations between activation of the ACC and left DLPFC in the high-fit group was observed. There was a significant negative correlation between activation of the ACC and reaction time in the congruent condition after exercise in the low-fit group. Conclusion Findings further clarify the neurophysiological processes of acute exercise-induced changes in cognitive performance as they suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness is an important factor which influences changes in brain activation patterns in response to acute aerobic exercises.

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“…In contrast to the radial artery, there is no homogeneous vasoreactivity to the low‐flow condition in the brachial artery, with reports of vasodilation, vasoconstriction and no alteration . Bell, et al reported good between‐day reliability of the L‐FMC measurement in the brachial artery of adults (ICC of 0.87). Additionally, Aizawa, et al reported a significant association between L‐FMC and FMD in adults, suggesting that low‐flow vasoreactivity contributes to the magnitude of the FMD response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of low‐flow vasoreactivity in the brachial artery of adolescents

Kranen

Bond

Williams

et al. 2018

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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Purpose: Macrovascular endothelial function is commonly assessed using flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and is nitric oxide (NO) dependent. However, the vasoreactivity to low flow during the FMD protocol may complement FMD interpretation. This study aimed to investigate in adolescents: (1) the day-to-day reliability of low-flow-mediated constriction (L-FMC) and composite vessel reactivity (CVR); and (2) the relationship between L-FMC and FMD.Methods: A retrospective analysis of data on 27 adolescents (14.3 AE 0.6 year, 12 males) was performed. Participants had two repeat measures, on separate days, of macrovascular function using high-resolution ultrasound for assessment of L-FMC, FMD, and CVR.Results: On average, the L-FMC response was vasoconstriction on both days (−0.59 AE 2.22% and −0.16 AE 1.50%, respectively). In contrast, an inconsistent response to low flow (vasoconstriction, dilation, or no change) was observed on an individual level. Cohen's Kappa revealed poor agreement for classifying the L-FMC measurement between visits (k = 0.04, P > .05).Assessment of the actual vessel diameter was robust with a coefficient of variation of 1.7% (baseline and peak) and 2.7% (low-flow). The between-day correlation coefficient between measures was r = .18, r = .96 and r = .52 for L-FMC, FMD, and CVR, respectively. No significant correlation between FMD and L-FMC was observed for either visit (r = −.06 and r = −.07, respectively; P > .05). Conclusion:In adolescents, the low-flow vasoreactivity is inconsistent between days. Whereas the actual vessel diameter is reproducible, the measurement of L-FMC and CVR has poor between-day reliability compared to FMD. Finally, L-FMC, and FMD are not significantly correlated. K E Y W O R D S

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Influence of aerobic fitness on vasoreactivity in young men

Abstract: This work supports an association between L-FMC and aerobic fitness in young, healthy men. Longitudinal or interventional studies are warranted to support causality, and to distinguish whether L-FMC is more sensitive to changes in aerobic fitness than FMD.

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of Prolonged Sitting on Peripheral and Central Vascular Health

Impact of Prolonged Sitting on Peripheral and Central Vascular Health

Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Influence the Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Executive Function?

Reliability of low‐flow vasoreactivity in the brachial artery of adolescents

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