Influence of air annealing temperature and time on the optical properties of Yb:YAG single crystal grown by HDS method

Effect of Oxygen Vacancies on the Persistent Luminescence of Y3Al2Ga3O12:Ce3+,Yb3+ Phosphors

“…•• , to imbalance the negative charge inside the lattice, leading to the dramatic enhancement in the TL intensity. Similar analyses have been extensively reported in the YAG host 44,74,75 and other hosts. 12,76−84 Contrary to Yb 3+ , Ce 2+ with the electron configuration [Xe]4f 1 5d 1 is less stable because neither the 4f subshell nor the 5d subshell is half-filled or completely filled, hence making it difficult to reduce Ce 3+ into Ce 2+ .…”

“…Then, it is inferred that the formation of the Yb 2+ ions at the original Yb 3+ site promotes the generation of a defect with positive charges, i.e., V O ·· , to imbalance the negative charge inside the lattice, leading to the dramatic enhancement in the TL intensity. Similar analyses have been extensively reported in the YAG host ,, and other hosts. ,− Contrary to Yb 3+ , Ce 2+ with the electron configuration [Xe]­4f 1 5d 1 is less stable because neither the 4f subshell nor the 5d subshell is half-filled or completely filled, hence making it difficult to reduce Ce 3+ into Ce 2+ . Without Yb as a stabilizer, charge neutrality inhibits mass generation of positive defects including the V O during the reducing heating, resulting in the insignificant increase in TL intensity of the reduced singly doped sample.…”

Growth of 60 mm-diameter Yb:CNGG single crystals with disordered coordination structure for high-energy laser systems

“…These obtained results were superior to the previously reported values for CNGG crystals (55.08′′). 15 Furthermore, the quality of our Yb:CNGG crystal was also comparable to large-sized garnet crystals, such as Yb:YAG (approximately 36.00′′), 27 Yb:GGG (37.00′′), 28 and Yb:GAGG (43.34′′), 29 which further confirms the importance of optimizing the temperature field during high-quality crystal growth, especially if the goal is to grow large-sized crystals.…”

Rapid Growth of a Yb:YAG Slab Crystal with Superior Laser Properties by the Edge-Defined Film-Fed Growth Method

“…15−17 mm × 25 mm Al 2 O 3 /YAG:Ce eutectic by the HDS method and studied the effect of Ce ion concentration on the microstructures of eutectics. 18,19 Nevertheless, the current HDS crystal quality is poor and insufficient to meet application needs. Therefore, it is urgent to break the bottleneck of existing growth methods and develop low-cost and rapid growth techniques for large-diameter Yb:YAG crystal plates.…”

“…However, the current iridium crucible used in the Cz method is costly and has a long growth cycle. Another method suitable for growing large-sized Yb:YAG plates is the horizontal directional solidification method (HDS), which is characterized by no spin stripes, a free upper surface of the melt, and low processing volume. − Since 2015, Zhang’s group of Harbin Institute of Technology had successively obtained 170 mm × 150 mm × 30 mm Yb:YAG crystals and 170 mm × 160 mm × 25 mm Al 2 O 3 /YAG:Ce eutectic by the HDS method and studied the effect of Ce ion concentration on the microstructures of eutectics. , Nevertheless, the current HDS crystal quality is poor and insufficient to meet application needs. Therefore, it is urgent to break the bottleneck of existing growth methods and develop low-cost and rapid growth techniques for large-diameter Yb:YAG crystal plates.…”