Influence of Ambient Temperature on Part Distortion: A Simulation Study on Amorphous and Semi-Crystalline Polymer

Samy, Anto Antony; Golbang, Atefeh; Harkin‐Jones, Eileen; Archer, Edward; Dahale, Monali; McIlhagger, Alistair

doi:10.3390/polym14050879

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Since this study aimed to evaluate a workflow that was as affordable and simple as possible, a low-cost desktop extrusion-based printer without further equipment was used. Considering that the printer has no chamber, ambient conditions such as the room temperature and humidity may have influenced the printing quality 8 . Meticulous care was taken to ensure that the filaments were stored in a cool and dry place.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring the composition of biocopolyester blends for dimensionally accurate extrusion-based printing, annealing and steam sterilization

Burkhardt

Schmidt

Wesemann

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Fused filament fabrication (FFF) represents a straightforward additive manufacturing technique applied in the medical sector for personalized patient treatment. However, frequently processed biopolymers lack sufficient thermal stability to be used as auxiliary devices such as surgical guides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dimensional accuracy of experimental biocopolyester blends with improved thermal characteristics after printing, annealing and sterilization. A total of 160 square specimens and 40 surgical guides for oral implant placement were printed. One subgroup of each material (n = 10) underwent thermal annealing before both subgroups were subjected to steam sterilization (134 °C; 5 min). Specimens were digitized and the deviation from the original file was calculated. The thermal behavior was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. A one-way ANOVA and t-tests were applied for statistical analyses (p < 0.05). All biocopolyester blends showed warpage during steam sterilization. However, the material modification with mineral fillers (21–32 wt%) and nucleating agents in combination with thermal annealing showed a significantly reduced warpage of printed square specimens. Geometry of the printing object seemed to affect dimensional accuracy, as printed surgical guides showed less distortion between the groups. In summary, biocopolyesters did benefit from fillers and annealing to improve their dimensional stability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermoplastic materials used for FFF differ in their amorphous or semi-crystalline nature 8 . In the solid state below the glass transition temperature, they are present in a glass phase and thus exhibit brittle and hard properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the composition of biocopolyester blends for dimensionally accurate extrusion-based printing, annealing and steam sterilization

Burkhardt

Schmidt

Wesemann

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…However, the mechanical performance is greatly affected and a higher degree of crystallinity unbalances the printing interface, resulting in complex residual stresses, shrinkage, voids, etc. (Gordelier et al , 2019; Antony Samy et al , 2022). So, when these materials are reinforced, such problems are minimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of continuous woven E-glass fiber composite using vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing process

Moharana,

Raj,

Dixit

2023

RPJ

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Purpose The industrial application of continuous glass fabric-reinforced polymer composites (GFRPCs) is growing; however, the manufacturing boundedness of complex structures and the high cost of molds restrict their use. This research proposes a three-dimensional (3 D) printing process for GFRPCs that allows low-cost and rapid fabrication of complex composite parts. Design/methodology/approach The composite is manufactured using a digital light processing (DLP) based Vat-photopolymerization (VPP) process. For the composites, suitable resin material and glass fabrics are chosen based on their strength, stiffness, and printability. Jacob's working curve characterizes the curing parameters for adequate adhesion between the matrix and fabrics. The tensile and flexural properties were examined using UTM. The fabric distribution and compactness of the cured resin were analyzed in scanning electron microscopy. Findings The result showed that the object could print at a glass fabric content of 40 volume%. In DLP-based VPP printing technology, the adequate exposure time was found to be 30 seconds for making a GFRPC. The tensile strength and Young's modulus values were increased by 5.54 and 8.81 times, respectively than non-reinforced cured specimens. The flexural strength and modulus were also effectively increased to 2.8 and 3 times more than the neat specimens. In addition, the process is found to help fabricate the functional component. Originality/value The experimental procedure to fabricate GFRPC specimens through DLP-based AM is a spectacular experimental approach.

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“…Several researchers have investigated the effects of printing parameters such as the print bed temperature, ambient temperature, print speed/nozzle speed, layer thickness of the printed part, etc. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Raster Pattern on Residual Stress and Part Distortion in FDM of Semi-Crystalline Polymers: A Simulation Study

et al. 2022

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In fused deposition modelling (FDM) based on the selected raster pattern, the developed internal thermal residual stresses can vary considerably affecting the mechanical properties and leading to distinct part distortions. This phenomenon is more pronounced in semi-crystalline than amorphous polymers due to crystallisation. Hence, this study focuses on the simulation of the FDM process of a semi-crystalline polymer (polypropylene) with raster patterns such as line (90°/90°), line (0°/90°), zigzag (45°/45°), zigzag (45°/−45°), and concentric from Cura (slicing software). The simulation provides visualisation and prediction of the internally developed thermal residual stresses and resulting warpage with printing time and temperature. The sample with a line (90°/90°) raster pattern is considered as the reference sample in order to compare the relative levels of residual stress and warpage in the other printed/simulated samples. Among the considered raster patterns, the concentric pattern displays the lowest amount of warpage (5.5% decrease) along with a significant drop in residual stress of 21%. While the sample with a zigzag (45°/−45°) pattern showed the highest increase of 37% in warpage along with a decrease of 9.8% in residual stresses. The sample with a zigzag (45°/45°) pattern, exhibited a considerable increase of 16.2% in warpage with a significant increase of 31% in residual stresses. Finally, the sample with a line (0°/90°) raster pattern displayed an increase of 24% increase in warpage with an increase of 6.6% in residual stresses.

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Influence of Ambient Temperature on Part Distortion: A Simulation Study on Amorphous and Semi-Crystalline Polymer

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Tailoring the composition of biocopolyester blends for dimensionally accurate extrusion-based printing, annealing and steam sterilization

Tailoring the composition of biocopolyester blends for dimensionally accurate extrusion-based printing, annealing and steam sterilization

Fabrication of continuous woven E-glass fiber composite using vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing process

Influence of Raster Pattern on Residual Stress and Part Distortion in FDM of Semi-Crystalline Polymers: A Simulation Study

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