Influence of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Addition on the Behavior of Potassium During Biomass Combustion

Xing, Kai; Meng, Yuxia; Yang, Tianhua; Sun, Yi; Shen, Shengqiang

doi:10.1007/s12649-019-00845-0

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Effect of phosphorus-based additives on the release of potassium obtained from the literature, , – , , , , , , , – expressed as a fraction of the potassium release without additive, as a function of the molar ratio P/(K + Na + 2/3Ca + 2/3Mg), proposed by Grimm et al . Legend lists information in the following order: fuel, additive, temperature, and reference.…”

Section: Application Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Phosphorus Chemistry in the Thermal Conversion of Biomass: Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2023

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Phosphorus is vital for all life, which means that phosphorus is present in all biomass to some extent. Some types of biomass, such as certain agricultural residues, animal biomass, and sewage sludge, contain high levels of phosphorus. In thermal conversion of biomass, high levels of phosphorus can cause various operational problems. Extensive work has been carried out to understand the phosphorus chemistry taking place at higher temperatures. However, until now, knowledge about transformation chemistry and fate of phosphorus during thermal conversion of biomass was not easily accessible in one place. In this work, the outcome of an extensive literature review has been summarized. First, an introduction to the role of phosphorus in biomass, and in what forms it may be present, is given. Different analytical techniques relevant for characterization of phosphorus in biomass, biomass char, and biomass ash are described. A classification of phosphorus-rich biomass is proposed, and the potential of different phosphorus-rich biomass types is presented. To provide a common basis for the field of high-temperature phosphorus chemistry, fundamental chemistry relevant for thermal conversion of biomass is first discussed. This includes the gas phase chemistry and reaction pathways of light phosphorus species, pyrolysis, and combustion of organophosphorus compounds, and solid, liquid, and gaseous interactions with other ash-forming elements. Thereafter, an in-depth review of phosphorus transformations in biomass, including decomposition of organic phosphorus, ash transformations in the condensed phase, release to the gas phase, and formation of particulate matter in the flue gas follows. Finally, the review covers research focusing on phosphorus in different application aspects, such as the use of phosphorus as an additive to mitigate operational problems related to slag and deposit formation, the behavior of phosphorus in fluidized bed technologies, corrosion, and the deactivation of SCR catalysts.

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Section: Application Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Phosphorus Chemistry in the Thermal Conversion of Biomass: Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2023

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“…During the burning of biomass in air, potassium interacts in complex transformation reactions together with other ash-forming elements that may form potassium salts, silicates, and phosphates residue in the ash and are released into the gas phase through a sublimation process of KCL [3]. Previous studies have given good guidance and solution to solving ash-related issues that are caused by alkali metals through the addition of different phosphate-based additives [4]. Often, in previous studies, little attention has been devoted to the effect of phosphorus on the migration and transformation of alkali metals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often, in previous studies, little attention has been devoted to the effect of phosphorus on the migration and transformation of alkali metals. So, this brings about the study in controlling mechanism of ammonium phosphatebased additives on migration and transformation of alkali metals being studied [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Ash Yield from Bicomposite Biomass (Terminalia catappa and Chrysophyllum albidium) Seed Barks with Additive upon Combustion

Olujimi

Olamilekan

Olufemi

et al. 2021

CJAST

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The ash yield from the combustion of a mixture of Africa star apple and tropical almond seeds shells (biocomposite biomass) with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as an additive in a furnace was optimized using I-Optimal Design under the Combined Methodology of the Design Expert Software. The data obtained were analysed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the prediction of ash yield and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the coefficient of determination (R²) between variables. Proximate analysis was used to evaluate Moisture Content (MC), Fixed Carbon Content (FCC), and Volatile Matter (VM) values while the Higher Heating Value (HHV) of the mixtures that gave the highest and lowest ash yields was evaluated numerically. The optimum conditions of process variables for the compositions of tropical almond, African star apple, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, as well as the temperature, were 30%, 60%, 10% and 704 oC, respectively leading to a minimum ash yield of 24.8%. The mathematical models for the ash using the I-optimal design indicate a good fit to the Quadratic model with a R² of 0.9999. The ANN model agreed significantly with the experimental results with an R² of 0.9939. The VM, FCC, MC, AC and HHV of the highest ash yield were 11.00%, 2.34%, 3.20%, 33.80% and 4487.747 , respectively. The study established the suitability of optimisation tool to develop solid fuel mixtures for possible use in grate furnaces and its efficiencies.

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“…At present, addition of additive into biomass feedstocks during the combustion process was used to alleviate the mentioned problems caused by alkali metals, mainly including calcium-based additives (limestone and dolomite), silica–aluminate additives (kaolin), − sulfur-containing additives (aluminum sulfate), and phosphorus-based additives (phosphoric acid and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate). , Most of these reports mainly focused on the effect of additive on ash-melting characteristics, and a few of additives have been evaluated for simultaneously solving ash-fusion problems as well as remaining potassium into solid phase. Wang et al found that addition of kaolin additive promoted the formation of K–Al-silicates with high melting point by the reaction with KCl .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang et al reported that coal ash addition during corn stalk gasification has the effects of improving the potassium retention ratio and increasing the ash fusion temperature by the formation of solid/slag phase of the potassium aluminosilicates . In addition, phosphorus-containing compounds such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and calcium phosphate have become a focus of current research on additives, which was due to the fact that they had a trapping effect on alkali metals with the enhanced potassium retention ability and increased ash-fusion temperature by the formations of ternary complex salts of Ca–P–K. ,, However, the phosphorus-containing compounds used by the above studies were pure chemical compounds as additives, and seeking suitable waste as an alternative should be more economical and environmentally friendly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sludge-Based Additive on Ash Characteristic and Potassium Fixation during the Rice Straw Combustion Process

et al. 2020

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The effects of a sludge-based additive (mainly composed of calcium phosphate) on the retention of potassium in bottom ash and ash melting characteristics during rice straw (RS) combustion were studied with a bench-scale tube furnace reactor at the reaction temperatures of 600, 700, 800, and 900 °C. The potassium content in bottom ash and ash composition characteristics were analyzed using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results showed that the addition of sludge-based additive into rice straw at a mass fraction of 2.5–7.5% could effectively improve the potassium fixation rate and retain potassium in the bottom ash during combustion process by the formation of potassium aluminosilicates and K–Ca–P compounds. The ash melting characteristic was enhanced and the sintering of bottom ash was prevented by the addition of sludge-based additive. For instance, the soft temperature (ST) of RS was enhanced by 238 °C for the case of addition of 5.0% sludge-based additive into RS. In general, addition of sludge-based additive into RS with high potassium and chlorine contents was predicted to significantly increase the retention capacity of potassium as well as improve the melting characteristics of bottom ash.

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Influence of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Addition on the Behavior of Potassium During Biomass Combustion

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Review of Phosphorus Chemistry in the Thermal Conversion of Biomass: Progress and Perspectives

Review of Phosphorus Chemistry in the Thermal Conversion of Biomass: Progress and Perspectives

Optimization of Ash Yield from Bicomposite Biomass (Terminalia catappa and Chrysophyllum albidium) Seed Barks with Additive upon Combustion

Effect of Sludge-Based Additive on Ash Characteristic and Potassium Fixation during the Rice Straw Combustion Process

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