“…Considerable attention has been paid to the exploration of more thermally stable phases of cast Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni alloys to improve their mechanical properties [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. The addition of alloying elements is an effective method owing to the formation of resistant phases, such as ε-Al 3 Ni, M-Mg 2 Si, δ-Al 3 CuNi, γ-Al 7 Cu4Ni, θ-Al 2 Cu, Q-Al 5 Cu 2 Mg 8 Si 6 , T-Al 9 FeNi, and π-Al 8 Si 6 FeMg 3 [ 16 , 17 ].…”