Influence of Anti-Coccidial Compounds and Phytogenic Saponin Extracts on In Vitro and In Vivo Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Production of Cattle

Trotta, Ronald J; Kreikemeier, K K; Foote, Scott; McLeod, K. R.; Harmon, D. L.

doi:10.3390/ani13142308

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The current study showed that YSE had a positive effect on the ADG, and this finding was similar to those in previous reports [ 5 , 9 , 10 ]. A higher DMI as a result of YSE supplementation was found by Abdel-Raheem [ 14 ], and the same finding was observed in this experiment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Saponin is a natural cholesterol binder that can produce a stable linkage to cholesterol on the surface of the cell membrane of a protozoan so that the integrity of the cell membrane is broken, resulting in cell lysis [ 8 ]. The energy utilization in beef cattle was increased as the YSE decreased the number of protozoa, resulting in lower methane production [ 9 , 10 ]. Commercially, YSE, as a feed additive, is also used to control ammonia emissions and environmental impact from livestock and poultry facilities to reduce odor impact [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Yucca schidigera Extract on Serum Metabolites of Angus Crossbreed Steers with Metabolomics

Deng,

Wu,

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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This study was conducted to explore the potential effect of Yucca schidigera extract (YSE) on the metabolism of beef cattle. Thirty Angus crossbreed steers were selected, with an initial mean body weight of 506.6 ± 33.3 kg, and assigned to two treatments: a diet with no additives (CON group) and a diet supplemented with 1.75 g/kg of YSE (YSE group) (on a dry matter basis). The experiment lasted for 104 days, with 14 days for adaptation. The results showed that adding YSE could significantly improve the average daily gain (ADG) from 1 to 59 d (15.38%) (p = 0.01) and 1 to 90 d (11.38%) (p < 0.01), as well as dry matter digestibility (DMD) (0.84%) (p < 0.05). The contents of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and bilirubin and the total antioxidant capacity were increased and blood urea was reduced in the YSE group, compared to the CON group (p < 0.05). Both the glycerophospholipids and bile acids, including phosphocholine, glycerophosphocholine, PC(15:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), PE(18:0/20:3(5Z,8Z,11Z)), PE(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/P-18:0), LysoPC(15:0), LysoPC(17:0), LysoPC(18:0), LysoPC(20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)), deoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, and cholic acid, were upregulated by the addition of YSE. In summary, YSE may improve the ADG by increasing the blood total antioxidant capacity and glycerophospholipid synthesis, maintaining steers under a healthy status that is beneficial for growth. Furthermore, YSE may also increase the expression of bile acid synthesis, thereby promoting DMD, which, in turn, offers more nutrients available for growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Yucca schidigera Extract on Serum Metabolites of Angus Crossbreed Steers with Metabolomics

Deng,

Wu,

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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Influence of flake density and starch retrogradation on in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics of steam-flaked corn

Trotta,

Kreikemeier,

Harmon

2024

Journal of Animal Science

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Previous research has demonstrated that decreasing starch availability of steam-flaked corn by increasing flake density or increasing the degree of starch retrogradation influences in vitro gas production kinetics. However, it is unclear if increasing flake density or the degree of starch retrogradation influences end-products of in vitro ruminal fermentation (methane, volatile fatty acids, ammonia). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of increasing flake density and the degree of starch retrogradation on in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics of steam-flaked corn. Three ruminally-cannulated steers were fed a high-concentrate diet and sampled for ruminal digesta for an in vitro fermentation experiment with a 5×2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Steam-flaked corn was produced to flake densities of 257, 296, 335, 373, and 412 g/L by adjusting the rolls of a steam-flaker. Samples were stored for 3 d at either 23°C to produce fresh steam-flaked corn or at 55°C in heat-sealed foil bags to produce retrograded steam-flaked corn. In vitro fermentation vessels were incubated for 24 h and then assessed for fermentation parameters including dry matter digestibility, volatile fatty acid concentrations, and total gas and methane production. Increasing the degree of starch retrogradation decreased (P < 0.01) the rate of gas production across all flake densities of steam-flaked corn but did not decrease the extent of gas production. In vitro methane production, dry matter digestibility, and microbial biomass concentration were not influenced by increasing flake density or starch retrogradation. Increasing the degree of starch retrogradation decreased (P = 0.03) the molar propionate proportion and increased (P < 0.06) the molar proportions of butyrate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate and the acetate:propionate ratio. Enzymatic starch availability of steam-flaked corn was positively correlated with mean propionate proportion (r2 = 0.93) and negatively correlated with the mean butyrate proportion (r2 = 0.89). Results from the current study demonstrate that increasing the degree of starch retrogradation of steam-flaked corn decreased the rate of in vitro gas production and altered volatile fatty acid profiles in the ruminal fermentation media.

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Can Marandu Grass (Urochloa brizantha) Extract Modulate Methanogenesis and Rumen Microbiota?

Freitas,

Silva,

Alves

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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Urochloa spp. are the most important grasses for ruminants in Brazil and contain secondary metabolites, mainly saponins. Urochloa brizantha extracts (ethanolic EE and hydroalcoholic HE with 3.62 and 5.38 mg protodioscin mL−1, respectively) were developed to verify their potential as additives for ruminant nutrition. The in vitro gas production technique was used to evaluate ten treatments in a completely randomized factorial arrangement (2 × 4 + 2), where the main effects were two extracts (EE and HE); four levels (50, 100, 150, and 200 mL of the extract kg−1 of DM), plus two controls (one positive with 25 ppm of monensin and another with no additives). The extracts EXT (EE and HE) produced a higher proportion of acetate (C2) and lower propionate (C3) than CTL, reflected in a 31% higher C2:C3 ratio. However, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the treatments for methane production parameters. Archaea and Ruminococcus’ relative gene expressions were higher in EE than in HE; however, the protozoa opposite occurred, HE was higher than EE. Fibrobacter succinogenes were 33% lower in EXT than in CTL. The addition of these extracts in a sheep diet increased the production of SCFA and decreased Fibrobacter succinogenes without altering the methane and archaeal population.

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Influence of Anti-Coccidial Compounds and Phytogenic Saponin Extracts on In Vitro and In Vivo Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Production of Cattle

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

The Effect of Yucca schidigera Extract on Serum Metabolites of Angus Crossbreed Steers with Metabolomics

The Effect of Yucca schidigera Extract on Serum Metabolites of Angus Crossbreed Steers with Metabolomics

Influence of flake density and starch retrogradation on in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics of steam-flaked corn

Can Marandu Grass (Urochloa brizantha) Extract Modulate Methanogenesis and Rumen Microbiota?

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