Dielectric
materials with high surface electric insulation
strength
are in great demand in a high-power space solar cell array (SSCA).
A moderately conductive surface is favorable to inhibit charge accumulation
and mitigate electric field distortion, thus improving the surface
flashover voltage. Although numerous modification methods have been
proposed to achieve this goal, the facile, efficient, scalable, and
environmentally friendly modification strategy remains a critical
challenge to date. Considering the excellent charge modulation ability
of ZnO and its mild preparation conditions, a facile and economical
hydrothermal strategy was proposed to fabricate in situ a durable
poly(ether imide)/zinc oxide (PEI/ZnO) coating with a high charge
decay rate. The blooming flower-like ZnO in the coating is proved
to play a key role in enhancing lateral charge dissipation on the
surface of PEI, thereby suppressing surface charge accumulation. It
was also shown that the shielding effect of ZnO on high-energy photons
during flashover and the catalytic effect of Zn2+ on PEI
molecular chains during hydrothermal treatment had a facilitating
and suppressing effect on outgassing, respectively, and consequently
affected the flashover. Excitingly, the synergistic effects of both
accelerated charge dissipation and suppressed outgassing helped to
improve the flashover voltage of PEI by up to 36.7%. The strategy
selected here is efficient, scalable, and facile, and the coating
is durable, which makes sense for commercial promotion.