Influence of biological drugs on phytosanitary condition of seeds of spring barley

Abstract

An important role is played to improve the stability of grain production for the modern protection of plants in the Republic of Mari El. A large number of areas allocated for grain crops are characterized as not favorable phytosanitary conditions, where the shortage of crops can reach 25 percent or more in the republic’s farms. The phytosanitary condition of cereal lands is permissible on the basis of the development of protective measures, optimization and intensification of factors that affect the size of the crop, its further increase and are the determining stage of the phytosanitary monitoring and plant protection system. These results determine the degree of development and spread of pests throughout the growing season. It is difficult for phytosanitary conditions to use non-quality seeds on farms, to reduce the use of plant protection products in processing seeds and crops, to violate the sowing season and to permanently change the population and species diversity, as well as favorable agro-climatic conditions. An essential task to overcome these negative trends is to increase the phytosanitary condition of agricultural lands based on the effective use of plant protection products and systems. The degree of phytosanitary state of crops is determined by the fertility of the soil, that is, the soil must be clean from phytopathogenic microorganisms, pests, weeds and toxic substances that can be released during the decomposition of organic sub-stances and rhizosphere microorganisms of the plant. Therefore, the treatment of seeds before planting with biofungicides positively affects the seed quality of seeds, reducing the development of phytopathogenic microorganisms, especially the pathogenic potential of root rot agents.

Agrotechnical methods of increasing drought resistance of spring barley

“…A detailed analysis of the impact of new nutrient complexes in combination with organic and organo-mineral nutrition on the yield of spring barley showed that their use and increased droughts and dry winds, especially in the southern regions of our country. This is not only a problem of Ukraine, but also a global problem, as evidenced by studies (Cammarano et al, 2020;Carter et al, 2019;Sallam et al, 2019;Solonechnyi et al, 2015;Toymetov and Maryina-Chermnykh, 2020;Yurkevich et al, 2011) . The increased droughts in the south of Ukraine leads to the fact that intensive varieties of spring barley cannot use their full potential, resulting in a significant yield reduction (Vinyukov et al, 2016).…”

“…As for this agrotechnical method of fertilizer system using biopreparations and plant growth regulators, studies in Western and Eastern Europe show that the treatment of crops with a complex of plant growth regulators increases the productivity of these crops by 15-30% (Rassokhina et al, 2020;Toymetov and Maryina-Chermnykh, 2020). This is influenced by such factors as: reducing the incidence of plant root rot, increasing the leaf surface of barley plants resulting from increased photosynthetic activity, reduced negative effects of stress, increased drought resistance of plants, etc.…”