Influence of biomass burning on atmospheric aerosols over the western South China Sea: Insights from ions, carbonaceous fractions and stable carbon isotope ratios

Song, Junwei; Yan, Zhao; Zhang, Yingyi; Fu, Pingqing; Li, Zheng; Yuan, Qi; Wang, Shan; Huang, Xiaofeng; Xu, Weihai; Cao, Zhen; Gromov, Sergey; Lai, Shengli

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.088

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…However, it has also been linked to biomass burning (Kumar et al, 2015) and burning of plastic material such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products, garbage, and plastic bags (Agarwal et al, 2020;Claeys et al, 2012;Fu et al, 2012;Li et al, 2019;Nguyen et al, 2016;Simoneit et al, 2005). Secondary formation via aqueous-phase chemistry has been documented for these organic acids (Kunwar et al, 2019;Sorooshian et al, 2007aSorooshian et al, , 2010Sorooshian et al, , 2006Wonaschuetz et al, 2012) and MSA (Hoffmann et al, 2016).…”

Section: Background On Measured Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and characteristics of size-resolved particulate organic acids and methanesulfonate in a coastal megacity: Manila, Philippines

et al. 2020

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Abstract. A 16-month (July 2018–October 2019) dataset of size-resolved aerosol composition is used to examine the sources and characteristics of five organic acids (oxalate, succinate, adipate, maleate, phthalate) and methanesulfonate (MSA) in Metro Manila, Philippines. As one of the most polluted megacities globally, Metro Manila offers a view of how diverse sources and meteorology impact the relative amounts and size distributions of these species. A total of 66 sample sets were collected with a Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI), of which 54 sets were analyzed for composition. Organic acids and MSA surprisingly were less abundant than in other global regions that are also densely populated. The combined species accounted for an average of 0.80 ± 0.66 % of total gravimetric mass between 0.056 and 18 µm, still leaving 33.74 % of mass unaccounted for after considering black carbon and water-soluble ions and elements. The unresolved mass is suggested to consist of non-water-soluble metals as well as both water-soluble and non-water-soluble organics. Oxalate was approximately an order of magnitude more abundant than the other five species (149 ± 94 ng m−3 versus others being < 10 ng m−3) across the 0.056–18 µm size range. Both positive matrix factorization (PMF) and correlation analysis are conducted with tracer species to investigate the possible sources of organic acids and MSA. Enhanced biomass burning influence in the 2018 southwest monsoon resulted in especially high levels of submicrometer succinate, MSA, oxalate, and phthalate. Peculiarly, MSA had negligible contributions from marine sources but instead was linked to biomass burning and combustion. Enhanced precipitation during the two monsoon seasons (8 June–4 October 2018 and 14 June–7 October 2019) coincided with a stronger influence from local emissions rather than long-range transport, leading to notable concentration enhancements in both the sub- and supermicrometer ranges for some species (e.g., maleate and phthalate). While secondary formation via gas-to-particle conversion is consistent with submicrometer peaks for the organic acids and MSA, several species (i.e., phthalate, adipate, succinate, oxalate) exhibited a prominent peak in the coarse mode, largely owing to their association with crustal emissions (i.e., more alkaline aerosol type) rather than sea salt. Oxalate's strong association with sulfate in the submicrometer mode supports an aqueous-phase formation pathway for the study region. However, high concentrations during periods of low rain and high solar radiation suggest photo-oxidation is an important formation pathway.

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Section: Background On Measured Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and characteristics of size-resolved particulate organic acids and methanesulfonate in a coastal megacity: Manila, Philippines

et al. 2020

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“…As the sampling season was the same, the above situation indicated that the input of anthropogenic emissions to the SCS carbon aerosols was increasing with the economic development of the areas surrounding the SCS. The mass concentrations of OC and EC in the SCS were lower than those in the western SCS (OC of 2.04 µg m −3 and EC of 3.0 µg m −3 ) which were strongly affected by biomass burning (Song et al, 2018). In addition, the carbonaceous aerosol levels in Malacca were similar to those in the Bay of Bengal (OC of 1.9 µg m −3 and EC of 0.4 µg m −3 ; Kumar et al, 2008).…”

Section: Oc Ec and Wsoc Concentrations In Marine Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Molecular and spatial distributions of dicarboxylic acids, oxocarboxylic acids, and <i>α</i>-dicarbonyls in marine aerosols from the South China Sea to the eastern Indian Ocean

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Marine aerosol samples collected from the South China Sea (SCS) to the eastern Indian Ocean (EIO) during a cruise from 10 March to 26 April 2015 were studied for diacids and related compounds. In view of air mass backward trajectories, source regions, and geographical features, the cruise area was categorized into the South China Sea (SCS), the eastern Indian Ocean off the coast of western Indonesia (EIO-WI), the EIO off the coast of Sri Lanka (EIO-SL), Malacca, and the Sri Lanka docking point (SLDP). Total concentrations of diacids, oxoacids, and α-dicarbonyls were high at the SLDP, followed by the SCS and Malacca, and they were the low in the EIO-WI. In this study, oxalic acid (C2) was the dominant diacid during the cruise, followed by malonic acid (C3) in the SCS, EIO-WI, EIO-SL, and Malacca, and succinic acid (C4) was relatively more abundant than C3 diacid at the SLDP. Except for SLDP, C3∕C4 mass ratios were always greater than 1, and no significant difference was observed during the cruise. The C2∕C4 and C2∕total diacid ratios also showed similar trends. The average mass ratios of adipic acid (C6) to azelaic acid (C9) were less than unity except for in the EIO-WI; the mass ratios of phthalic acid (Ph) to azelaic acid (C9) were less than 2 except for in the SCS. The concentrations of diacids were higher when the air masses originated from terrestrial regions than when they originated from remote oceanic regions. Based on the molecular distributions of organic acids, the mass ratios, and the linear correlations of selected compounds in each area, we found that the oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) released from the ocean surface and subsequent in situ photochemical oxidation was the main contributor to diacids, oxocarboxylic acids, and α-dicarbonyls from the SCS to the EIO. In addition, the continental outflow, which is enriched in anthropogenic VOCs and their aged products, influenced the organic aerosol loading, particularly over the SCS. Emissions from Sri Lanka terrestrial vegetation as well as fossil fuel combustion and subsequent photochemical oxidation also played a prominent role in controlling the organic aerosol loading and the molecular distribution of diacids and related compounds at the SLDP.

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“…Se is also enhanced for these two sets in the submicrometer range, as it is often formed through gasto-particle conversion processes of inorganic Se compounds (Wen and Carignan, 2007). A wide variety of sources for atmospheric Se exist (Mosher and Duce, 1987), including, but not limited to, coal combustion (Thurston and Spengler, 1985;Fung and Wong, 1995;Song et al, 2001), marine emissions (Arimoto et al, 1995), volcanos, and biomass burning (Mosher and Duce, 1987). In contrast to the other en- Figure 5.…”

Section: Enhancements In Tracer Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One well-documented source of aerosol Ba is nonexhaust vehicle emissions, including brake wear (Sternbeck et al, 2002;Querol et al, 2008;Amato et al, 2009;Jeong et al, 2019). V also has wellcharacterized emission sources, most specifically fuel combustion (Fung and Wong, 1995;Artaxo et al, 1999;Song et al, 2001;Lin et al, 2005;Kim and Hopke, 2008). In coastal environments, V is often tied to shipping emissions (Agrawal et al, 2008;Pandolfi et al, 2011;Mamoudou et al, 2018).…”

Section: Enhancements In Tracer Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range aerosol transport and impacts on size-resolved aerosol composition in Metro Manila, Philippines

et al. 2020

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This study analyzes long-range transport of aerosol and aerosol chemical characteristics based on instances of high-and low-aerosol-loading events determined via ground-based size-resolved aerosol measurements collected at the Manila Observatory in Metro Manila, Philippines, from July to October 2018. Multiple data sources, including models, remote sensing, and in situ measurements, are used to analyze the impacts of long-range aerosol transport on Metro Manila and the conditions at the local and synoptic scales facilitating this transport. Through the use of case studies, evidence of long-range transport of biomass burning aerosol and continental emissions is identified in Metro Manila. Long-range transport of biomass burning aerosol from the Maritime Continent, bolstered by southwesterly flow and permitted by low rainfall, was identified through model results and the presence of biomass burning tracers (e.g., K, Rb) in the ground-based measurements. The impacts of emissions transported from continental East Asia on the aerosol characteristics in Metro Manila are also identified; for one of the events analyzed, this transport was facilitated by the nearby passage of a typhoon. Changes in the aerosol size distributions, water-soluble chemical composition, and contributions of various organic aerosol species to the total water-soluble organic aerosol were examined for the different cases. The events impacted by biomass burning transport had the overall highest concentration of water-soluble organic acids, while the events impacted by long-range transport from continental East Asia showed high percent contributions from shorter-chain dicarboxylic acids (i.e., oxalate) that are often representative of photochemical and aqueous processing in the atmosphere. The low-aerosolloading event was subject to a larger precipitation accumulation than the high-aerosol events, indicative of wet scavenging as an aerosol sink in the study region. This low-aerosol event was characterized by a larger relative contribution from supermicrometer aerosols and had a higher percent contribution from longer-chain dicarboxylic acids (i.e., maleate) to the water-soluble organic aerosol fraction, indicating the importance of both primary aerosol emissions and local emissions.

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Influence of biomass burning on atmospheric aerosols over the western South China Sea: Insights from ions, carbonaceous fractions and stable carbon isotope ratios

Cited by 48 publications

References 74 publications

Sources and characteristics of size-resolved particulate organic acids and methanesulfonate in a coastal megacity: Manila, Philippines

Sources and characteristics of size-resolved particulate organic acids and methanesulfonate in a coastal megacity: Manila, Philippines

Molecular and spatial distributions of dicarboxylic acids, oxocarboxylic acids, and <i>α</i>-dicarbonyls in marine aerosols from the South China Sea to the eastern Indian Ocean

Long-range aerosol transport and impacts on size-resolved aerosol composition in Metro Manila, Philippines

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Influence of biomass burning on atmospheric aerosols over the western South China Sea: Insights from ions, carbonaceous fractions and stable carbon isotope ratios

Cited by 48 publications

References 74 publications

Sources and characteristics of size-resolved particulate organic acids and methanesulfonate in a coastal megacity: Manila, Philippines

Sources and characteristics of size-resolved particulate organic acids and methanesulfonate in a coastal megacity: Manila, Philippines

Molecular and spatial distributions of dicarboxylic acids, oxocarboxylic acids, and &lt;i&gt;α&lt;/i&gt;-dicarbonyls in marine aerosols from the South China Sea to the eastern Indian Ocean

Long-range aerosol transport and impacts on size-resolved aerosol composition in Metro Manila, Philippines

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Molecular and spatial distributions of dicarboxylic acids, oxocarboxylic acids, and <i>α</i>-dicarbonyls in marine aerosols from the South China Sea to the eastern Indian Ocean