Influence of body composition and physical fitness on arterial stiffness after marathon running

This study systematically reviewed and quantified the effects of running a long-distance 23 race (LDR) on heart rate variability (HRV) and arterial stiffness (AS). All types of races 24 of a distance equal to or greater than a marathon (≥42.2 km) were included. A total of 25 2,220 articles were identified, 52 were included in the qualitative analysis, and 48 were 26 meta-analysed. The standardised mean difference pre-post-race of various time-domain 27 and frequency-domain indices of HRV, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), systolic 28 blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and carotid-femoral pulse wave 29 velocity (cfPWV) was calculated. Regarding HRV, there was a significant decrease in 30 most of the variables considered as markers of parasympathetic activity, indicating a shift 31 of autonomic balance toward a reduced vagal tone. Regarding vascular variables, there 32 was a significant drop in blood pressure and reduced AS. In conclusion, running an LDR 33 seems to have a considerable acute effect on the autonomic nervous system, 34 haemodynamics, and vascular properties. The observed effects could be categorised 35 within the expected acute responses to long-lasting, strenuous exercise.

show abstract

Acute effects of long-distance races on heart rate variability and arterial stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Calleja-Romero

Vicente-Rodríguez

Garatachea

2021

Journal of Sports Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Association of vitamin D deficiency with post-exercise hypotension and arterial stiffness following prolonged endurance exercise in healthy young men

Chen,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Vitamin D is associated with vascular function; however, the impact of different vitamin D levels on vascular elasticity following prolonged exercise remains uncertain. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association of vitamin D levels with changes in peripheral pulse wave velocity (pPWV) and the magnitude of acute post-exercise hypotension (PEH) following prolonged endurance exercise in healthy young men. Methods All the participants were divided into two groups: the 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) sufficiency group (25(OH)D ≧50 nmol/L) and the deficiency group (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L). A cardiopulmonary exercise test for maximal oxygen uptake ( O 2max ) was performed on the graded cycling. The prolonged exercise was set at 60% O 2max for 120 min of continuous riding on a stationary bicycle. The pPWV and blood pressure were measured at baseline and 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 min after prolonged endurance exercise. Results Post hoc analysis revealed that the vitamin D sufficient group had a greater magnitude of PEH than the deficiency group at post-45 min. Multiple linear regression analyses showed a significant correlation between 25(OH)D and both pPWV ( p = 0.036) and PEH ( p = 0.007), after adjusting for O 2max , weight, height, and physical activity. In addition, the 25(OH)D deficiency group also had higher pPWV at post-15 min (5.41 ± 0.93 vs 4.84 ± 0.75 m/s), post-30 min (5.30 ± 0.77 vs 4.87 ± 0.50 m/s), post-45 min (5.56 ± 0.93 vs 5.05 ± 0.68 m/s) than the sufficiency group. Conclusions There was a positive correlation between 25(OH)D levels and systolic PEH following prolonged endurance exercise. Individuals with sufficient 25(OH)D status may have better vascular elasticity and more efficient blood pressure regulation during exercise.

show abstract

The impact of the 24-h movement spectrum on vascular remodeling in older men and women: a review

Williams

Dunford

Cheng

et al. 2021

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aging is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, which are preceded by early, negative remodeling of the vasculature. Low physical activity is a well-established risk factor associated with the incidence and development of disease. However, recent physical activity literature indicates the importance of considering the 24-hour movement spectrum. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to examine the impact of the 24-hour movement spectrum, specifically physical activity (aerobic and resistance training), sedentary behaviour, and sleep, on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes in older adults, with a focus on recent evidence (<10 years) and sex-based considerations. The review identified that both aerobic training and being physically active (compared to sedentary) are associated with improvements in endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and cerebrovascular function. Additionally, there is evidence of sex-based differences in endothelial function: a blunted improvement in aerobic training in postmenopausal women compared to men. While minimal research has been conducted in older adults, resistance training does not appear to influence arterial stiffness. Poor sleep quantity or quality are associated with both impaired endothelial function and increased arterial stiffness. Finally, the review highlights mechanistic pathways involved in the regulation of vascular and cerebrovascular function - specifically the balance between pro- and anti-atherogenic factors, which mediate the relationship between the 24-hour movement spectrum and vascular outcomes. Finally, this review proposes future research directions: examining the role of duration and intensity of training, combining aerobic and resistance training, and exploration to sex-based differences in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

Influence of body composition and physical fitness on arterial stiffness after marathon running

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Acute effects of long-distance races on heart rate variability and arterial stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Acute effects of long-distance races on heart rate variability and arterial stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Association of vitamin D deficiency with post-exercise hypotension and arterial stiffness following prolonged endurance exercise in healthy young men

The impact of the 24-h movement spectrum on vascular remodeling in older men and women: a review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About