Influence of Body Composition of Weanling Pigs on Survival under Stress

Baur, Lorenz; Filer, L. J.

doi:10.1093/jn/69.2.128

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Thus, weaning appeared to have a lesser effect on body fat reservoirs in later weaned pigs. Although Baur and Filer (1959), Whittemore et al (1978) and LeDividich et al (1980) have all previously suggested that body fat reserves appear to be easily mobilized during the postweaning period, these results suggest that weaning age can affect postweaning body fat composition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Adipose is readily mobilized in young swine (Baur and Filer, 1959;Close et a]., 1978;Whittemore et al, 1978Whittemore et al, , 1981LeDividich et al, 1980;Noblet and LeDividich, 1982;Seve, 1982). Allee et al (1971) demonstrated low lipogenesis in adipose tissue of nursing pigs with subsequent increased activity when they began consuming a cereal grain diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Swine Weaning Age on Body Fat and Lipogenic Activity in Liver and Adipose Tissue

Fenton

Roehrig

Mahan

et al. 1985

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of weaning swine at 2 or 5 wk of age on postweaning performance and fat metabolism. In the first experiment, 52 pigs were weaned at 2 or 5 wk of age with body weights determined from birth to 8 wk. The early weaned group was fed a 20% protein corn-soybean meal-oat diet containing 25% dried whey from 2 to 5 wk while both groups were fed a 20% protein cereal grain-based diet from 5 to 8 wk of age. In a second experiment, a total of 90 pigs weaned at similar ages and fed the same diet sequences were killed at weekly intervals from 2 to 8 wk of age to evaluate body fat content and lipogenesis in liver and adipose tissue. Lipogenic capacity was measured by incorporation of acetate-1 14C into the total lipid fraction in liver slices and adipose tissue minces or by monitoring liver ATP citrate lyase activity. The results demonstrate that pigs weaned at 2 wk experience a slower postweaning growth rate with lower empty body weights than those either concurrently nursing the dam or weaned at 5 wk of age. Both groups had similar body weights from 6 to 8 wk of age. The body fat content of nursing pigs increased from 2 to 5 wk of age. Pigs weaned at 2 wk lost approximately 25% of their body fat the first week postweaning while later-weaned pigs did not lose body fat postweaning. Body fat composition of both groups was similar by 8 wk of age. Lipogenic activity was higher in liver than in adipose tissue from 2 to 5 wk of age and remained relatively constant throughout the trial. Adipose tissue lipogenic activity was lower in the nursing pig but increased dramatically at 5 wk in the early-weaned group and 7 wk of age in the late weaned group. These results suggest that weaning age can affect postweaning body fat composition and that adipose contributes a greater lipogenic capacity than liver tissue as the pig matures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Swine Weaning Age on Body Fat and Lipogenic Activity in Liver and Adipose Tissue

Fenton

Roehrig

Mahan

et al. 1985

Journal of Animal Science

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“…The influence of starvation on changes in body composition has also been studied in pigs (MCCANCE and WIDDOWSON, 1959;ELNEIL and MCCANCE, 1965;MIHAILOVIC et al, 1967;FAUSCH et al, 1968). Of particular interest are the observations of BAUR and FILER (1959) regarding the influence of the body water, fat and protein content on survival of 8-week-old pigs subjected to starvation and/or thirst. In all these three stressors, the degree of protein catabolism was 2-3 times higher in animals fed previously on a high-protein diet whereas the daily utilization of fat remained relatively constant in all the pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation of Starvation to Hypoglycaemia and Adrenocortical Activity in Newborn and Six-Week-Old Piglets

Dvorák

2010

Zentralblatt Für Veterinärmedizin Reihe A

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Summary Total fasting and thirsting for 2 days of piglets weaned at one day after birth produced severe hypoglycaemia endangering their lives, a significant decrease in body and liver weight, an increase in packed cell volume, an increase in the ratio of adrenal weight to body weight, persistent eosinopenia, a twofold rise in the blood plasma 17‐hydroxycorticosteroid (17‐OHCS) concentration and in the production of 17‐OHCS by adrenals in vitro on stimulation of adrenal sections with ACTH. Piglets subjected to starvation and thirst for 2 days at 40–48 days of age showed changes which, though similar to those found in newborn pigs, were generally less intense. Eosinopenia was only of short duration, the adrenal ascorbic acid concentration was higher than in the controls left on the sow. Equally old piglets starved for 4 days showed first a decrease and then a slight rise in blood glucose beginning the 24th hour, and a tendency toward eosinophilia. An increase was found in the production of 17‐OHCS by adrenals in vitro but not in their concentration in the blood plasma. The hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenocortical axis proved to be able to respond to the action of the stressors employed in piglets aged 1–3 days. The smallest increase in adrenocortical function was found in 6‐week‐old piglets fasted for 4 days. These were able to adapt themselves. Newborn piglets, on the other hand, showed no evidence of gluconeogenesis in spite of their enormously increased glucocorticoid levels, a finding which can apparently be accounted for by their unfavourable nutritional situation. Zusammenfassung Die Beziehung des Hungerzustandes zur Hypoglykämie und Nebennierenrindenaktivität bei neugeborenen und sechs Wochen alten Ferkeln Zweitägiges Fasten‐ und Durstenlassen sowie die Entwöhnung von Ferkeln ein Tag nach der Geburt, ergab folgendes Bild: lebensbedrohende Hypoglykämie, starke Abnahme des Körper‐ und Lebergewichtes, Erhöhung des Hämatokritwertes, Zunahme des relativen Nebennierengewichtes, dauernde Eosinopenie, Verdoppelung des Plasma‐17‐hydroxycorticosteroid‐Spiegels, Verdoppelung der in vitro von den durch ACTH stimulierten Nebennierenrinden produzierten 17‐OH‐Corticosteroiden. 40 bis 48 Tage alte Ferkel zeigten nach 2 Tagen Fasten und Wasserentzug zwar ähnliche, aber weniger intensive Symptome wie die Neugeborenen. Die Eosinopenie war von kurzer Dauer, der Ascorbinsäuregehalt der Nebennieren war größer als derjenige der bei den Muttertieren belassenen Kontrolltiere. Ferkel im gleichen Alter, die man 4 Tage fasten ließ, zeigten während der ersten 24 Stunden eine Abnahme des Glucose‐Spiegels im Blut, danach einen leichten Anstieg desselben sowie die Neigung zur Eosinophilie. In vitro produzierten die Nebennierenrinden deutlich mehr 17‐OH‐Corticosteroide, doch konnte im Plasma keine Zunahme dieser Hormone nachgewiesen werden. Das Hypothalamus‐Hypophysen‐Nebennierenrinden‐System hat bei den 1 bis 3 Tage alten Ferkeln eindeutig die Fähigkeit auf den erlittenen Stress zu reagieren. Die geringste Reaktion der Nebennierenrindenfunkti...

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“…A slower protein catabolism of previously low-protein-fed animals, when compared with high-protein groups, has been suggested by Baur and Filer (1959) and Vaughan et al (1962) in pigs, by Chan (1968) in human and by Japanese workers in rats (Nakano and Ashida, 1970;Nakano et , 1972).…”

Section: Data Inmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Works by Baur and Filer (1959) and Vaughan, Filer and Churella (1962) in pigs and Chan (1968) in humans suggest a faster protein metabolism in the animals fed a higher protein level when compared with those fed the lower level. Nakano and Ashida (1970) and Nakano ^ al.…”

Section: Physical and Metabolic Adjustments During Compensatory Growthmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of starter nutrition on compensatory growth and development of swine

Khajarern

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Influence of Body Composition of Weanling Pigs on Survival under Stress

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of Swine Weaning Age on Body Fat and Lipogenic Activity in Liver and Adipose Tissue

Effect of Swine Weaning Age on Body Fat and Lipogenic Activity in Liver and Adipose Tissue

The Relation of Starvation to Hypoglycaemia and Adrenocortical Activity in Newborn and Six-Week-Old Piglets

Effect of starter nutrition on compensatory growth and development of swine

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