Influence of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy on Oxidative Stress Intensity in Minimally Conscious State Patients

Abstract

Neurological disorders, including minimally conscious state (MCS), may be associated with the presence of high concentrations of reactive oxygen species within the central nervous system. Regarding the documented role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in oxidative stress neutralization, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) transplantation on selected markers of oxidative stress in MCS patients. Antioxidant capacity was measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma collected from nine patients aged between 19 and 45 years, remaining in MCS for 3 to 14 months. Total antioxidant capacity, ascorbic acid and ascorbate concentrations, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activity were analyzed and the presence of tested antioxidants in the CSF and plasma was confirmed. Higher ascorbic acid (AA) content and catalase (CAT) activity were noted in CSF relative to plasma, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity were higher in plasma relative to CSF. Total antioxidant capacity measured in CSF was greater after BM-MSC transplantations. The content of ascorbates was lower and CAT activity was higher both in CSF and plasma after the administration of BM-MSC. The above results suggest that MSCs modulate oxidative stress intensity in MCS patients, mainly via ascorbates and CAT activity.

Coordinated Axial Ligand and d‐π Conjugated Network Makes the Difference: Engineered 2D Mn‐Based Antioxidase Mimic for Enhancing Stem Cell Protection

“…These limitations also affect the clinical applications of stem cells. Therefore, catalytic activities of antioxidant enzymes have been studied for ameliorating ROS for stem cell‐based osteogenic differentiation, tissue regeneration, etc [19–22] . However, the reduced stability of enzymes and their sensitivity to in vivo conditions hinder their practical use.…”

“…Therefore, catalytic activities of antioxidant enzymes have been studied for ameliorating ROS for stem cell-based osteogenic differentiation, tissue regeneration, etc. [19][20][21][22] However, the reduced stability of enzymes and their sensitivity to in vivo conditions hinder their practical use. To address this challenge, the development of antioxidant enzyme-based artificial enzymes that can efficiently scavenge ROS is necessary.…”

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy: A Potential Treatment Targeting Pathological Manifestations of Traumatic Brain Injury

“…Transferring mitochondria from MSCs to neurons impaired by oxidative stress may contribute to the preservation of posttraumatic neurons and restore their function. In addition, it has been shown that MSCs can mitigate the effects of oxidative stress in the central nervous system by changing the activity of ascorbic acid and catalase [ 82 ]. MSCs can also increase expression of the antiapoptotic gene, Bcl-2 , and decrease the level of superoxide anion, thereby protecting brain tissue [ 83 ].…”

Cell-Based Therapies for Traumatic Brain Injury: Therapeutic Treatments and Clinical Trials

“…Finally, at the beginning of 2020, a clinical study was published relating to the ability of MSCs in oxidative stress neutralization. It is hypothesized that autologous transplantation of BM-MSCs decreases the range of oxidative stress in patients in minimally conscious state (mCS) [174]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of BM-MSC transplantation on selected markers of oxidative stress in mCS patients.…”