Influence of carbon black in engine oil on wear of H-free diamond-like carbon coatings

Mabuchi, Yutaka; Higuchi, Tsuyoshi; Yoshimura, Daisuke; Murashima, Motoyuki; Kousaka, Hiroyuki; Umehara, Noritsugu

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2014.01.016

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Motamen Salehi et al [35] used carbon black as substitute for diesel soot to assess the effect of engine oil pump wear. Studies by Mabuchi et al [36] used an analogous approach to investigate the wear of hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon coatings for engine applications. However, Growney et al [37] found that the capability of carbon black to substitute engine soot is highly dependent on the lubricating oil formulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative nanostructure analysis of gasoline turbocharged direct injection and diesel soot-in-oil with carbon black

Pfau

Rocca

Haffner-Staton

et al. 2018

Carbon

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a b s t r a c tTwo gasoline turbocharged direct injection (GTDI) and two diesel soot-in-oil samples were compared with one flame-generated soot sample. High resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging was employed for the initial qualitative assessment of the soot morphology. Carbon black and diesel soot both exhibit core-shell structures, comprising an amorphous core surrounded by graphene layers; only diesel soot has particles with multiple cores. In addition to such particles, GTDI soot also exhibits entirely amorphous structures, of which some contain crystalline particles only a few nanometers in diameter. Subsequent quantification of the nanostructure by fringe analysis indicates differences between the samples in terms of length, tortuosity, and separation of the graphitic fringes. The shortest fringes are exhibited by the GTDI samples, whilst the diesel soot and carbon black fringes are 9.7% and 15.1% longer, respectively. Fringe tortuosity is similar across the internal combustion engine samples, but lower for the carbon black sample. In contrast, fringe separation varies continuously among the samples. Raman spectroscopy further confirms the observed differences. The GTDI soot samples contain the highest fraction of amorphous carbon and defective graphitic structures, followed by diesel soot and carbon black respectively. The A D1 :A G ratios correlate linearly with both the fringe length and fringe separation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative nanostructure analysis of gasoline turbocharged direct injection and diesel soot-in-oil with carbon black

Pfau

Rocca

Haffner-Staton

et al. 2018

Carbon

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show abstract

“…It is well known that the deposition using arc discharge produces highly ionized carbon atoms, resulting in a homogeneous and hard carbonaceous coating. − However, arc discharge also produces micro-/nanoscale carbon clusters, which eventually grow into droplets in/on the coating. Because the droplets cause high wear and degradation of the coating, − lapping and polishing are usually used to remove the droplets. , However, these methods cannot completely remove the droplets. Therefore, droplet-filtering methods during arc deposition have been developed. − The FAD method uses an electromagnetic field to separate ionized carbon atoms from nonionized carbon clusters.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotextured Mold Surface with DLC Coating for Reduction in Residual Ceramic Particles

et al. 2021

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In the ceramic industry, ceramic particles remain on a mold surface due to which the mold requires frequent cleaning during press molding, reducing productivity. Surface texturing and tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) coatings are well-known surface-energy controllable treatments developed for low adhesion, low friction, and high wear resistance. In the present paper, we demonstrate the effect of reducing ceramic residues using nanotexturing, ta-C coatings, and their combination. We compare two surface morphologies (i.e., 770 nm pitch nanotexturing and flat) and five materials (i.e., nonhardened steel, hardened steel, ta-C, and two types of nitrogen-doped ta-C (ta-CNx). Molding test results show that the ta-C coating on flat surfaces with the highest hardness of 30 GPa shows the lowest residual amount of 5.9 μg for Al2O3 ceramic particles. The amount is 82% less than that of the nonhardened steel. The ta-CNx20, made with a nitrogen flow rate of 20 sccm, shows the lowest residual amount of 234 μg for SiO2 ceramic particles, which is 81% less than that of the nontextured ta-CNx20. In conclusion, we provide design guidelines for nanotextured mold surfaces including the texturing pitch should be small enough for ceramic particles; the mold surface should be sufficiently hard; the lower the surface energy per unit area, the less residues of ceramic particles.

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“…From the past to the present, hard coatings have been a very important technology in the industrial field due to their tribological performance as well as cost efficiency. In recent years, DLC (diamond-like carbon) has become one of the hottest topics in the field of tribology due to its low friction [8][9][10][11], high hardness [12][13][14], wear resistance [15][16][17][18], and thermal stabilities [19][20][21]. The uniqueness of DLC, which dramatically changes its carbonaceous structure to sp 2 rich structure [22][23][24][25], can be viewed as an important concept of passive control of friction by frictional stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active control of Lubricant Flow Using Dielectrophoresis and Its Effect on Friction Reduction

Murashima,

Aono,

Umehara

et al. 2023

Tribology Online

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With the increasing demand for active friction control, we newly proposed to use dielectrophoresis to change the flow of PG-dropletcontaining PAO4 to reduce the friction coefficient. The friction result with a 1-mm roller shows 20% reduction in friction coefficient (from 0.065 to 0.052) at AC 100 V, and in situ observation exhibits that PG tracks are formed over the contact area. On the other hand, at a high bias of 1000 V, the friction coefficient increases to 0.065. In this situation, in situ observation exhibits that PG forms a horseshoeshaped track covering only the roller edges. Controlled friction tests and FEM analysis using 5-mm rollers revealed a unique behavior; a balanced bias effectively attracts the PG to the roller surface, and surface forces can resist mild dielectrophoretic forces to spread the PG across the roller surface. The present study strongly suggests the importance that the bias strength should be controlled to achieve a balance between surface force and dielectrophoretic force in order to obtain excellent lubrication conditions.

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Influence of carbon black in engine oil on wear of H-free diamond-like carbon coatings

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Comparative nanostructure analysis of gasoline turbocharged direct injection and diesel soot-in-oil with carbon black

Comparative nanostructure analysis of gasoline turbocharged direct injection and diesel soot-in-oil with carbon black

Nanotextured Mold Surface with DLC Coating for Reduction in Residual Ceramic Particles

Active control of Lubricant Flow Using Dielectrophoresis and Its Effect on Friction Reduction

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