Influence of carbon distribution on the electrochemical performance and stability of lithium titanate based energy storage devices

Ordered Mesoporous Titania/Carbon Hybrid Monoliths for Lithium‐ion Battery Anodes with High Areal and Volumetric Capacity

“…By tailoring an optimized morphology, we prepared macroscopic mechanically stable 300 mmt hickm onoliths that were directly employed as lithium-ion battery electrodes. To that end, transition metal oxides like TiO 2 , [4] Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , [5] and Nb 2 O 5[6] emerged as attractive alternatives to graphite anode materials, because of their superior lithium intercalation kineticsa nd safer operation potential, above the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the carbonatee lectrolytes. This resulted in ah ighly increased volumetric capacityo f1 55 mAh cm À3 ,c ompared to cast thin film electrodes.…”

“…[1] LIBs commonly employ ag raphite anode and al ithium metal oxide cathode. To that end, transition metal oxides like TiO 2 , [4] Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , [5] and Nb 2 O 5 The relativelys low lithium ion diffusion into the host materiall imits the power performance of the device.…”

“…[2] Energyi ss tored by Faradaic intercalation reactions of lithium ions into the layered structureo ft he graphite anode during the charging step. To that end, transition metal oxides like TiO 2 , [4] Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , [5] and Nb 2 O 5 [6] emerged as attractive alternatives to graphite anode materials, because of their superior lithium intercalation kineticsa nd safer operation potential, above the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the carbonatee lectrolytes. [3] However,t om eet future demands, ac ombination of high overall energy density with fast charge/discharge rates is required.…”

“…[3] However,t om eet future demands, ac ombination of high overall energy density with fast charge/discharge rates is required. To that end, transition metal oxides like TiO 2 , [4] Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , [5] and Nb 2 O 5…”

“…[3] However,t om eet future demands, ac ombination of high overall energy density with fast charge/discharge rates is required. To that end, transition metal oxides like TiO 2 , [4] Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , [5] and Nb 2 O 5 [6] emerged as attractive alternatives to graphite anode materials, because of their superior lithium intercalation kineticsa nd safer operation potential, above the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the carbonatee lectrolytes. [7] The insufficiente lectrical conductivity of such oxidesi st ypicallya ddressed by admixing of 5-20 mass %c arbon conductive additive, forming an electrode with 5-10 mass %polymer binder to achievemechanical stability.T he high total amount of electrochemically inactive material, up to 30 mass %, drastically decreases the specific capacity per mass of the final electrode, whichi sw hy binder-free and free-standinge lectrodes can offer advantages.…”