Influence of carbon nanomaterials on the properties of paint coatings

Abstract

536.46, 667.629 The conditions for obtaining carbon nanomaterials with the use of a low-temperature plasma are described. The product obtained was analyzed using the electron microscopy and a laser diffraction particle-size analyzer. The influence of the carbon nanomaterials on the physicochemical properties of paint coatings, their adhesion, impact and bending strengths, hardness, and protection characteristics was investigated.Introduction. Works on the production and use of carbon nanomaterials (CNM) have been conducted at the A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus since the early 2000s [1-3]. These investigations were mainly directed to the development of methods for obtaining indicated materials in the plasma-chemical apparatus and the determination of their possible use. At present, apparatus providing an output of a CNM from 15 to 1000 g ⁄ h are available. In this case, the content of the structurized carbon (nanotubes and nanofibers) in the deposit comprises about 50%.Carbon nanomaterials are considered as promising additives to lacquers, paints, concretes, chemical fibres, plastic materials, and other composite materials.In this work, results of investigations on the modification of water-dispersible and organosoluble paint coatings with the use of CNM additives are presented.Conditions for Obtaining a Carbon Nanomaterial and Its Analysis. We investigated CNM obtained from a methane-air mixture subjected to the action of a plasma flow produced in a low-temperature plasma generator. Carbon nanostructures were formed on the metal surface of the reactor at atmospheric pressure. The temperature of this surface was 600-800 o C in the working regime.The formation of carbon nanostructures under the indicated conditions is realized most likely by the carbidecycle mechanism [4, 5] and is accompanied by the diffusion of carbon on the reactor surface, the formation of carbides and metal particles, and the growth of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres on them. This assumption is supported by the data of the electron microscopy and the X-ray analysis of the product obtained. Figure 1 shows typical microphotographs of a CNM, which were obtained with the use of a JEM-100-CX transmission electron microscope and a scanning electron microscope of the Carl-Zeiss-Supra-55 Company.Structurized carbons grow on the metal clusters formed in the reactor in the process of interaction of hydrocarbons with the reactor surface; therefore, these carbon structures differ substantially in dispersion and morphological composition. The CNM being investigated contains, along with the carbon nanofibres and nanotubes with a diameter from 20-50 nm to 200 nm, large formations with a linear size of 1 μm, and large particles of graphite and metals and their oxides.To obtain reproducible results on the influence of a CNM additive on the properties of a paint coating, it is necessary to separate the components of this additive, which differ in particle size by a minimum value. For this purpose...

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