Influence of carbon number of C1–C7 hydrocarbons on PAH formation

Dandajeh, Hamisu Adamu; Ladommatos, Nicos; Hellier, Paul; Eveleigh, Aaron

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.04.133

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It can be further observed in Figure 3a that the GP PAH concentrations decreased to near-zero when the number of PAH rings increased from five to six regardless of the fuel investigated. The observation of decreasing PAH concentrations in the GP with increasing molecular weight of the PAHs (increasing number rings) resembled those observed by Dandajeh et al [37] in a tube reactor at a temperature of 1050 • C and under oxygen free pyrolysis conditions. Figure 3b shows that the six smaller PAHs with two to three rings (NPH, ACY, ACN, FLU, PHN and ATR) detected earlier in the gas phase at high concentrations (see Figure 3a) were now identified in the particle phase at very low concentrations (lower by several orders of magnitude).…”

Section: Pah Distributions From Diesel Engine Exhaust At Constant Injsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Influence of Combustion Characteristics and Fuel Composition on Exhaust PAHs in a Compression Ignition Engine

et al. 2019

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This paper reports an experimental investigation into the effects of fuel composition on the exhaust emission of toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a diesel engine, operated at both constant fuel injection and constant fuel ignition modes. The paper quantifies the US EPA (United State Environmental Protection Agency) 16 priority PAHs produced from combustion of fossil diesel fuel and several model fuel blends of n-heptane, toluene and methyl decanoate in a single-cylinder diesel research engine based on a commercial light duty automotive engine. It was found that the level of total PAHs emitted by the various fuel blends decreased with increasing fuel ignition delay and premixed burn fraction, however, where the ignition delay of a fuel blend was decreased with use of an ignition improving additive the level of particulate phase PAH also decreased. Increasing the level of toluene present in the fuel blends decreased levels of low toxicity of two to four ring PAH, while displacing n-heptane with methyl decanoate increased particulate phase adsorbed PAH. Overall, the composition of the fuels investigated was found to have more influence on the concentration of exhaust PAHs formed than that of combustion characteristics, including ignition delay, peak heat release rate and the extent of the premixed burn fractions.

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Section: Pah Distributions From Diesel Engine Exhaust At Constant Injsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The sample preparation (sample extraction and solvent evaporation) and GC-MS analysis has been described in detail previously in Dandajeh et al [36,37]. The extraction of the PAHs from the soot particles and XAD-2 resin samples was carried out using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) in dichloromethane as a solvent.…”

Section: Sample Preparation/gc-ms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Combustion Characteristics and Fuel Composition on Exhaust PAHs in a Compression Ignition Engine

et al. 2019

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“…The experiments on the alcohol fuels were carried out in a high temperature flow reactor facility described in detail previously [45][46][47][48], therefore only a brief description is given here. The reactor tube was 1440 mm long with an inside diameter of 104 mm and it was vertically positioned and heated electrically.…”

Section: Sampling Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of soot mass and PAHs during the pyrolysis of C2C4 alcohols at high temperatures

Khan

Hellier

Ladommatos

2022

Combustion and Flame

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“…After the mass of particulate matter collected was determined, PAH species were extracted using dichloromethane solvent from all used sandwiched filters and from the XAD-2 resin, referred to as soot-bound PAHs and gas-phase PAHs respectively throughout this study. The extraction used an accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) system previously optimized by Dandajeh et al , and further described in Section 6.6 (see Supporting Information). The volume of the extract (solvent + PAH) in the collection bottle at the end of one extraction process was typically between 20–30 mL.…”

Section: Experimental Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Cylinder Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Sampled during Diesel Engine Combustion

Ogbunuzor

Hellier

Talibi

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are potentially carcinogenic pollutants emitted by diesel engines, both in the gas-phase and adsorbed onto the surface of particulate matter (PM). There remains limited understanding of the complex and dynamic competing mechanisms of PAH formation, growth and oxidation in the gas-phase and their adsorption onto soot, and how these processes impact on the abundance and composition of exhaust PAH. Therefore, this paper presents analysis of gas and particulate samples taken from the cylinder and exhaust of a diesel engine during combustion of fossil diesel with the 16 US-EPA priority PAH species identified and quantified.In-cylinder results showed that gas phase PAHs were more abundant than soot-bound PAHs in the engine cylinder. The in-cylinder PAHs included 2-to 6-ring PAHs, however, 6-ring PAHs were not observed in the soot samples collected from the engine exhaust. Levels of both PM and the total in-cylinder PAHs decreased following a peak at 10 CAD ATDC, but subsequently increased significantly during the late combustion phase. The B[a]P equivalence of PM in the engine cylinder increased during the period of early diffusion to late combustion phase, following an initial decrease during the period of premixed to early diffusion combustion.

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Influence of carbon number of C1–C7 hydrocarbons on PAH formation

Cited by 22 publications

References 40 publications

Influence of Combustion Characteristics and Fuel Composition on Exhaust PAHs in a Compression Ignition Engine

Influence of Combustion Characteristics and Fuel Composition on Exhaust PAHs in a Compression Ignition Engine

Measurement of soot mass and PAHs during the pyrolysis of C2C4 alcohols at high temperatures

In-Cylinder Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Sampled during Diesel Engine Combustion

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