Influence of carbonized crop residue on soil carbon storage in red pepper field

Lee, Jae-Ho; Eom, Jinah; Jeong, Seung-Young; Hong, Seungbum; Park, Eun Jin; Lee, Jae-Seok

doi:10.1186/s41610-017-0059-7

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Soil carbon flux can not only affect the carbon storage capacity of an ecosystem but also significantly affect the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which in turn affect the global climate (Dixon et al, 1994;Burton and Pregitzer, 2003;Dhaliwal et al, 2019). Soil contains approximately two times as much carbon as that stored in the atmosphere; therefore, even small soil carbon flux changes can have a significant impact on the global ecosystem carbon cycle (Lee et al, 2017). In addition, many predictions suggest that Rs will increase as temperatures rise due to global warming (Schuur et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rainfall Manipulation on Ecosystem Respiration and Soil Respiration in an Alpine Steppe in Northern Tibet Plateau

Yan

2021

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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The response mechanism of ecosystem respiration (Re) and soil respiration (Rs) to different water conditions is of great significance for understanding the carbon cycle under future changes in the precipitation patterns. We used seven precipitation treatments to investigate the effects of precipitation on Re and Rs on a typical alpine steppe in Northern Tibet. Precipitation was captured and relocated to simulate the precipitation rates of −25, −50, −75, 0 (CK), +25, +50, and +75%. The soil moisture was influenced by all the precipitation treatments. There was a positive linear relationship between the soil moisture and Re, Rs in the study area during the experiment (July–October). Soil volumetric water content (VWC), absolute water content (AWC), soil temperature (ST), aboveground biomass (AGB), bulk density, soil total nitrogen (TN), and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen (AHN) were the predictors of Re and Rs. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that ST and AWC could explain 90.6% of Rs, and ST, AWC, and AHN could explain 89.4% of Re. Ecosystem respiration was more sensitive to the increased precipitation (+29.5%) whereas Rs was more sensitive to the decreased precipitation (−23.8%). An appropriate increase in water (+25 and +50%) could improve the Re and Rs, but a greater increase (+75%) would not have a significant effect; it could have an effect even lower than those of the first two. Our study highlights the importance of increased precipitation and the disadvantage of decreased precipitation on Re and Rs in an arid region. The precipitation changes will lead to significant changes in the soil properties and AGB, and affect Re and Rs, to change the climate of the alpine steppe in Northern Tibet in the future. These findings contribute to our understanding of the regional patterns of environmental C exchange and soil C flux under the climate change scenarios and highlight the importance of water availability to the regulating ecosystem processes in semi-arid steppe ecosystems. In view of these findings, we urge future researchers to focus on manipulating the precipitation over longer time scales, seasonality, and incorporating more environmental factors to improve our ability to predict and model Re and Rs and feedback from climate change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rainfall Manipulation on Ecosystem Respiration and Soil Respiration in an Alpine Steppe in Northern Tibet Plateau

Yan

2021

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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“…Soil contains about twice as much carbon as that stored in the atmosphere; therefore, soil carbon flux can have a significant impact on the global ecosystem carbon cycle even if the changes are small (Oikawa 1991;Post et al 1982;Lee et al 2017). In addition, many predictions suggest that soil respiration will increase with increasing temperature due to global warming and loss of CO 2 in the soil will cause positive feedback that further enhances global warming (Raich and Schlesinger 1992;Rustad et al 2000;Schimel 1995;Woodwell et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of precipitation on soil respiration in a temperate broad-leaved forest

et al. 2018

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Background: For understanding and evaluating a more realistic and accurate assessment of ecosystem carbon balance related with environmental change or difference, it is necessary to analyze the various interrelationships between soil respiration and environmental factors. However, the soil temperature is mainly used for gap filling and estimation of soil respiration (Rs) under environmental change. Under the fact that changes in precipitation patterns due to climate change are expected, the effects of soil moisture content (SMC) on soil respiration have not been well studied relative to soil temperature. In this study, we attempt to analyze relationship between precipitation and soil respiration in temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest for 2 years in Gwangneung. Results: The average soil temperature (Ts) measured at a depth of 5 cm during the full study period was 12.0°C. The minimum value for monthly Ts was − 0.4°C in February 2015 and 2.0°C in January 2016. The maximum monthly Ts was 23.6°C in August in both years. In 2015, annual precipitation was 823.4 mm and it was 1003.8 mm in 2016. The amount of precipitation increased by 21.9% in 2016 compared to 2015, but in 2015, it rained for 8 days more than in 2016. In 2015, the pattern of low precipitation was continuously shown, and there was a long dry period as well as a period of concentrated precipitation in 2016. 473.7 mm of precipitation, which accounted for about 51.8% of the precipitation during study period, was concentrated during summer (June to August) in 2016. The maximum values of daily Rs in both years were observed on the day when precipitation of 20 mm or more. From this, the maximum Rs value in 2015 was 784.3 mg CO 2 m −2 h −1 in July when 26.8 mm of daily precipitation was measured. The maximum was 913.6 mg CO 2 m −2 h −1 in August in 2016, when 23.8 mm of daily precipitation was measured. Rs on a rainy day was 1.5~1.6 times higher than it without precipitation. Consequently, the annual Rs in 2016 was about 12% higher than it was in 2015. It was shown a result of a 14% increase in summer precipitation from 2015. Conclusions: In this study, it was concluded that the precipitation pattern has a great effect on soil respiration. We confirmed that short-term but intense precipitation suppressed soil respiration due to a rapid increase in soil moisture, while sustained and adequate precipitation activated Rs. In especially, it is very important role on Rs in potential activating period such as summer high temperature season. Therefore, the accuracy of the calculated values by functional equation can be improved by considering the precipitation in addition to the soil temperature applied as the main factor for long-term prediction of soil respiration. In addition to this, we believe that the accuracy can be further improved by introducing an estimation equation based on seasonal temperature and soil moisture.

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“…In terrestrial ecosystems, soils contain more carbon than that in the atmosphere and vegetation. These soil carbon movements are directly linked to the atmospheric CO 2 concentration and affect the global carbon cycle (Oikawa 1991;Lee et al 2017). Therefore, understanding the movement of soil carbon in response to climate change is very important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of automatic and manual chamber methods for measuring soil respiration in a temperate broad-leaved forest

Lee

2018

j ecology environ

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Background: Studying the ecosystem carbon cycle requires analysis of interrelationships between soil respiration (Rs) and the environment to evaluate the balance. Various methods and instruments have been used to measure Rs. The closed chamber method, which is currently widely used to determine Rs, creates a closed space on the soil surface, measures CO 2 concentration in the inner space, and calculates Rs from the increase. Accordingly, the method is divided into automatic or manual chamber methods (ACM and MCM, respectively). However, errors of these methods and differences in instruments are unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the characteristics and difference of Rs values calculated using both methods with actual data. Results: Both methods determined seasonal variation patterns of Rs, reflecting overall changes in soil temperature (Ts). ACM clearly showed detailed changes in Rs, but MCM did not, because such small changes are unknown as Rs values are collected monthly. Additionally, Rs measured using MCM was higher than that using ACM and differed depending on measured plots, but showed similar tendencies with all measurement times and plots. Contrastingly, MCM Rs values in August for plot 4 were very high compared with ACM Rs values because of soil disturbances that easily occur during MCM measurements. Comparing Rs values calculated using monthly means with those calculated using MCM, the ACM calculated values for monthly averages were higher or lower than those of similar measurement times using the MCM. The difference between the ACM and MCM was attributed to greater or lesser differences. These Rs values estimated the carbon released into the atmosphere during measurement periods to be approximately 57% higher with MCM than with ACM, at 5.1 and 7.9 C ton ha −1 , respectively. Conclusion: ACM calculated average values based on various Rs values as high and low for measurement periods, but the MCM produced only specific values for measurement times as representative values. Therefore, MCM may exhibit large errors in selection differences during Rs measurements. Therefore, to reduce this error using MCM, the time and frequency of measurement should be set to obtain Rs under various environmental conditions. Contrastingly, the MCM measurement is obtained during CO 2 evaluation in the soil owing to soil disturbance caused by measuring equipment, so close attention should be paid to measurements. This is because the measurement process is disturbed by high CO 2 soil concentration, and even small soil disturbances could release high levels into the chamber, causing large Rs errors. Therefore, the MCM should be adequately mastered before using the device to measure Rs.

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Influence of carbonized crop residue on soil carbon storage in red pepper field

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of Rainfall Manipulation on Ecosystem Respiration and Soil Respiration in an Alpine Steppe in Northern Tibet Plateau

Effects of Rainfall Manipulation on Ecosystem Respiration and Soil Respiration in an Alpine Steppe in Northern Tibet Plateau

Effect of precipitation on soil respiration in a temperate broad-leaved forest

Comparison of automatic and manual chamber methods for measuring soil respiration in a temperate broad-leaved forest

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