Influence of chitosan-chitin nanofiber composites on cytoskeleton structure and the proliferation of rat bone marrow stromal cells

Abstract

Chitosan scaffolds have gained much attention in various tissue engineering applications, but the effect of their microstructure on cell-material spatial interactions remains unclear. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of chitosan-based matrices doping with chitin nano-whiskers (CNW) on adhesion, spreading, cytoskeleton structure, and proliferation of rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). The behavior of BMSCs during culture on chitosan-CNW films was determined by the molecular mass, hydrophobicity, porosity, crosslinking degree, protonation degree and molecular structure of the composite chitosan-CNW films. The shape, spreading area, cytoskeleton structure, and proliferation of BMSCs on chitosan matrices with a crystalline structure and high porosity were similar to that observed for BMSCs cultured on polystyrene tissue culture plates. The amorphous polymer structure and high swelling led to a decrease in the spreading area and cell proliferation. Thus, we can control the behavior of cells in culture (adhesion, spreading, and proliferation) by changing the physico-chemical properties of the chitosan-CNW films.

Bacterial Cellulose (Komagataeibacter rhaeticus) Biocomposites and Their Cytocompatibility

“…The porosity of the samples was studied by porosimetry using a Porotech 3.1 instrument and Porovoz software, as described previously [ 31 ]. Octane was used as a wetting liquid.…”

Silver Nanoparticles on Chitosan/Silica Nanofibers: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity

“…This trend was preserved for all samples, indicating no visible carrier effect on the morphology of the silver nanoparticles deposited on the nanofibers. 1 BET surface area, calculated using experimental points at relative pressures of (P/P0) 0.035-0.31, where P and P0 denote the equilibrium and saturation pressures of nitrogen, respectively; 2 Total pore volume calculated from the nitrogen volume adsorbed at P/P0 = 0.99; 3 Pore-size distribution curves were obtained from the adsorption branch using the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) model with cylindrical pores.…”

“…Hybrid nanocomposites are an important platform for the preparation of new materials with advanced properties [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Noble metal nanostructures encapsulated within or deposited on biopolymers are of particular interest for human [9,10], sensing [11,12], and catalytic applications [13][14][15][16], as these types of materials combine the physicochemical features of noble metal nanostructures and the biological features of polymers [17,18].…”

Biopolymer nanofibrils: Structure, modeling, preparation, and applications

“…In particular, the fabrication of materials with specific biological and mechanical properties that mimic the native extracellular matrix for regulating the cellular behavior is of interest in the field. ChNFs have attractive chemical, morphological and mechanical advantages for their applications in tissue engineering [428,429]. Chemically, the ChNFs are similar to the glycosaminoglycans in the body; morphologically, they are similar to fibrous collagen structures in the native extracellular matrix [216,430]; and mechanically, ChNFs produced from the exoskeleton of crustaceans have high strength (~90 MPa).…”