Influence of climate and land use in carbon biogeochemistry in lower reaches of rivers in central southern Chile: Implications for the carbonate system in river‐influenced rocky shore environments

Pérez, Claudia A.; DeGrandpre, Michael D.; Lagos, Nelson A.; Saldías, Gonzalo S.; Cascales, Emma-Karin; Vargas, Cristian A.

doi:10.1002/2014jg002699

Cited by 42 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…During the past five years, several observation programmes focussing on ocean acidification have been carried out along the Chilean coast. Most observational data come from regular monitoring programmes (on a biweekly, weekly and/or monthly basis) 26,41 , buoys deployed in specific regions (this study) and/or specific seasonal research cruises 41 . To characterize natural variability along the Chilean coast, we have compiled and plotted all the temporal time series data available for different coastal habitats along with a frequency analysis of regional p CO2 data collected over at least one year at different time intervals (daily, weekly, biweekly, monthly and so on; Supplementary Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Episodic events of extremely high p CO2 levels are observed in upwelling areas off central to northern Chile (30-40° S), with values up to ~1,800 μ atm. Despite the low sampling frequency, river plume areas display persistently high p CO2 conditions (> 450 μ atm), where the resident marine biota are exposed chronically to acidic waters, mostly resulting from the export of organic and inorganic carbon from the watershed to the ocean 26 . Seasonal differences are observed along the latitudinal range, with unimodal distributions in the northern region, whereas in higher latitudes, different processes drive bi-modal frequency distributions.…”

Section: Nature Ecology and Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Species-specific responses to ocean acidification should account for local adaptation and adaptive plasticity

et al. 2017

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Global stressors, such as ocean acidification, constitute a rapidly emerging and significant problem for marine organisms, ecosystem functioning and services. The coastal ecosystems of the Humboldt Current System (HCS) off Chile harbour a broad physical-chemical latitudinal and temporal gradient with considerable patchiness in local oceanographic conditions. This heterogeneity may, in turn, modulate the specific tolerances of organisms to climate stress in species with populations distributed along this environmental gradient. Negative response ratios are observed in species models (mussels, gastropods and planktonic copepods) exposed to changes in the partial pressure of CO 2 (p CO2 ) far from the average and extreme p CO2 levels experienced in their native habitats. This variability in response between populations reveals the potential role of local adaptation and/or adaptive phenotypic plasticity in increasing resilience of species to environmental change. The growing use of standard ocean acidification scenarios and treatment levels in experimental protocols brings with it a danger that inter-population differences are confounded by the varying environmental conditions naturally experienced by different populations. Here, we propose the use of a simple index taking into account the natural p CO2 variability, for a better interpretation of the potential consequences of ocean acidification on species inhabiting variable coastal ecosystems. Using scenarios that take into account the natural variability will allow understanding of the limits to plasticity across organismal traits, populations and species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nature Ecology and Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species-specific responses to ocean acidification should account for local adaptation and adaptive plasticity

et al. 2017

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“…The watersheds feeding these rivers range in area between 10,275 and 24,264 km 2 (Piñones et al ; Pizarro et al ) and whose regional climate vary latitudinally from temperate Mediterranean with a long dry season (summer, mostly January to February) in the north, to temperate rain in the south (winter, mostly July to August) (DGA‐Dirección General de Aguas 2004 a,b,c,d,e ). As a result of this regional climate variability, monthly precipitation (2.4 ± 6.2 to 130.4 ± 93.8 mm) and river discharges (46.3 ± 28.3 to 720.3 ± 451.1 m 3 s −1 ) increase to the southern part of this study area, and river water temperature (17.6 ± 4.1 to 13.9 ± 3.2°C) decrease to the southern (Pérez et al ). Furthermore, riverine concentrations of dissolved nutrients (orthophosphate,

{PO}_{4}^{3 -}

: 13.35 ± 7 to 0.07 ± 0.13 μmol L −1 ; nitrate + nitrite,

{NO}_{3}^{-}

{NO}_{2}^{-}

: 86.3 ± 22.3 to 3.3 ± 3 μmol L −1 ) and dissolved carbon (dissolved organic carbon, DOC: 213.1 ± 46.1 to 32.4 ± 18.9 μM; DIC: 4097.6 ± 647.7 to 789.2 ± 153.8 μM) decreases southward, mostly associated with different river land uses and carbonate rock dominated watershed (Pérez et al ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Freshwater discharges from rivers to the coastal ocean can modify the biogeochemical characteristics of proximal habitats to the river mouth, through for example, modifications to carbonate chemistry (e.g., high pCO 2 , low pH and low Ω ar ) (Salisbury et al ; Borges and Gypens ; Aufdenkampe et al ; Duarte et al ; Pérez et al ). Data published by Pérez et al (), and our results confirm that river‐influenced areas typically possess higher p CO 2 , lower pH, and reduced CaCO 3 saturation state, in comparison to open coastal areas, not proximal to rivers (with the exception of Valdivia, Table ). Since our study focused on river‐influenced areas (i.e., mussel collection, isotopic analysis, chemical analysis, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riverine discharges impact physiological traits and carbon sources for shell carbonate in the marine intertidal mussel Perumytilus purpuratus

Pérez

Lagos

Saldías

et al. 2016

Limnology & Oceanography

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Anthropogenic modification watersheds and climate change have altered export from fluvial systems causing changes to the carbonate chemistry of river‐influenced near shore environments. To determine the possible effects of riverine discharges on the mussel Perumytilus purpuratus, we performed in situ transplant experiments between river‐influenced and open coastal habitats with contrasting seawater carbonate chemistries (i.e., pCO2, pH, Ωar) across four regions covering a wide latitudinal range (32°55′S–40°10′S). The river‐influenced habitats selected for transplant experiments were different than open coastal habitats; with higher pCO2 (354–1313 μatm), lower pH (7.6–7.9) and Ωar values (0.4–1.4) than in open coastal area. Growth, calcification, metabolism were measured in a reciprocal transplant experiment to determine physiological responses associated with river‐influenced sites and non‐influenced control sites. Growth and calcification rates were higher in river‐influenced habitats; however the organisms in this area also had lower metabolic rates, possibly due to enhanced food supply from river systems. Further analysis of carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) indicated that the relative contribution of seawater dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to the carbonate shells of P. purpuratus was much higher than respiratory carbon. Nevertheless, P. purpuratus incorporated between 7% and 26% of metabolic carbon in the shell depending on season. There was a strong, significant relationship between δ13CPOC and δ13CTissue, which likely influenced the isotopic composition of the shell carbon.

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“…Rivers connect the terrestrial, atmospheric, and oceanic systems of the global carbon cycle (Aufdenkampe et al, ; Pérez et al, ). Along the land–ocean aquatic continuum, terrestrial and atmospheric‐derived carbon is transformed and stored in rivers or transferred to the coastal ocean (Battin et al, ; Cole et al, ; Raymond et al, ; Regnier et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon exports from tropical and subtropical river catchments discharging to the Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Rosentreter

Eyre

2019

Hydrological Processes

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Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) transport by rivers is an important control on the pH and carbonate chemistry of the coastal ocean. Here, we combine DIC and total alkalinity (TAlk) concentrations from four tropical rivers of the Great Barrier Reef region in Australia with daily river discharge to quantify annual river loads and export rates. DIC in the four rivers ranged from 284 to 2,639 μmol kg−1 and TAlk ranged from 220 to 2,612 μmol kg−1. DIC:TAlk ratios were mostly greater than one suggesting elevated exports of free [CO2*]. This was pronounced in the Johnstone and Herbert rivers of the tropical wet north. The largest annual loads were transported in the two large river catchments of the southern Great Barrier Reef region, the Fitzroy and Burdekin rivers. The carbon stable isotopic composition of DIC suggests that carbonate weathering was the dominant source of DIC in the southern rivers, and silicate weathering was likely a source of DIC in the northern Wet Tropics rivers. Annual loads and export rates were strongly driven by precipitation and discharge patterns, the occurrence of tropical cyclones, and associated flooding events, as well as distinct seasonal dry and wet periods. As such, short‐lived hydrological events and long‐term (seasonal and inter‐annual) variation of DIC and TAlk that are pronounced in rivers of the tropical and subtropical wet and dry climate zone should be accounted for when assessing inorganic carbon loads to the coastal ocean and the potential to buffer against or accelerate ocean acidification.

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Influence of climate and land use in carbon biogeochemistry in lower reaches of rivers in central southern Chile: Implications for the carbonate system in river‐influenced rocky shore environments

Cited by 42 publications

References 87 publications

Species-specific responses to ocean acidification should account for local adaptation and adaptive plasticity

Species-specific responses to ocean acidification should account for local adaptation and adaptive plasticity

Riverine discharges impact physiological traits and carbon sources for shell carbonate in the marine intertidal mussel Perumytilus purpuratus

Alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon exports from tropical and subtropical river catchments discharging to the Great Barrier Reef, Australia

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