Influence of Climate Changes on Wheat Viruses Variability in Ukraine

Abstract

SUMMARYClimate change is closely related to the level of losses from plant diseases because the environment significantly affects plants, pathogens and their vectors. Monitoring of viral infections in agrocenoses is one of the priority measures to preserve the harvest. However, often symptoms of the adaptive response of plants caused by environmental abiotic factors like the symptoms caused by infectious agents. In this regard, there is a problem to identify the reasons of pathological symptoms on the plants, as some of them are extremely important value for technologies of agricultural crops growing. The aim of work was to investigate the variability of composition of viruses' species infecting winter wheat, to study their prevalence in Ukraine under agro-climatic change conditions. The viral monitoring showed that the winter wheat plants cv. Russia and Smuglyanka with the yellowing symptoms on leaves and "purple-yellow" leaves were infected with BYDV. Unlike previous years, WSMV was not detected in this agrocenosis that can be related to the strong drought in autumn and considerable decline of HTC that resulted in limitation of quantity of WSMV vectors. The symptoms of leaf rolling in barley cv. Antigon, leaf yellowing of wheat cv. Ermak and leaves reddening in wheat Donetska-46 were caused by technogenic influence and other abiotic factors. The analysis of temperature indexes that characterize terms of overwintering and vegetation of winter wheat showed that in May (phase of beginning of plants earing) high plus temperatures during the day changed on low temperatures at night. It is necessary to notice that the reason for appearance of symptoms "purple-yellow" and "purple" leaves of winter wheat are changes of carbohydrate balance that arise up as a result of nonspecific reactions of plants to stress caused by virus infection (cv. Russia) or sharp temperature differential (cv. Vasylyna, Podolyanka, Albatros odessky, Myronivska-67, Smuglyanka).

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“…E. purpurea infected by CMV, AMV and TMV in Bulgaria: A -spotting on the leaves; B -dwarfed leaves and stunting[4] Echinacea purpurea infected by CMV in Ukraine: on each photo at the left -healthy plant, at the right -virus infected plant[17,33] …”

Phylogenetic Analysis of Two Ukrainian Isolates of Cucumber Mosaic Virus From Gladioli Grown Under Different Agroecological Conditions

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Fast and Sensitive Detection of Soil-Borne Cereal Mosaic Virus in Leaf Crude Extract of Durum Wheat

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