Influence of coaching efficacy and coaching competency on athlete‐level moral variables in Botswana youth soccer

Abstract

This study examined coach‐perceived coaching efficacy and athlete‐perceived coaching competency, perceptions of coaches' endorsement of unfair play, and team norm for aggression on athlete‐level moral variables in Botswana youth soccer. Participants were youth soccer players (n = 506) and their coaches (n = 24). Players completed the coaching competency scale, the Judgments About Moral Behavior in Youth Sports Questionnaire, and the Team Norm Questionnaire. Coaches completed the Coaching Efficacy Scale. Multilevel analysis revealed that team norm for aggression, athletes' perceptions of their coaches' endorsement of aggression/cheating, and Game Strategy Coaching Competency were significant predictors of athletes' likelihood to aggress and perceptions of peer cheating. The findings contribute to previous research demonstrating the influence of the coach on athletes' antisocial behaviors.

Antisocial Behavior in Soccer Players: Using an Integrated Mediation Model of Personal Control and Social Learning Theory

“…Specifically, athletes’ antisocial behaviors have been linked to individual characteristics (Hodge and Gucciardi, 2015; Kavussanu, Stanger, and Ring, 2015; Rutten et al., 2011) and the sports setting (i.e., the culture of the team, including the interpersonal relationships between coaches and players) (Gómez‐López, Ruiz‐Sánchez, and Granero‐Gallegos, 2019; Ruiz et al., 2019). For example, Malete, Chow, and Feltz (2013) demonstrated that coaches' endorsement of cheating leads to antisocial behavior of players. Concerning personal traits, Fruchart and Rulence‐Pâques (2016) found that self‐control was one of the main predictors of aggressive behavior on the sports field.…”

“…The intrinsic social nature of sport, including the common interactions between players, coaches, fans, and the media, provides opportunities for expressive behaviors that range from antisocial to prosocial. Examples of antisocial behaviors include the intentional injuring of an opponent, cheating, lying, time‐wasting, intimidating, and excessive aggression (Benson, Bruner, and Eys, 2017; Boardley and Kavussanu, 2009; Hodge and Lonsdale, 2011; Kavussanu, Stanger, and Ring, 2015; Malete, Chow, and Feltz, 2013; Miller, Roberts, and Ommundsen, 2005). Negative behavior in sport can undermine the legitimacy of the sport itself and pose a threat to the norms of sportsmanship and prosocial behaviors (Kavussanu, Stanger, and Ring, 2015; Spruit et al., 2019).…”

Development of Experimental Materials on Moral Judgment in Sport: Evidence From Chinese Athletes

“…It is a complex form of psychological processing (Wang and Chen, 2018). Currently, the scales used to measure moral judgment in sport can be divided into those which assess the stages of development of moral judgment Shields, 1984, 1986;Lind, 2006;Proios and Doganis, 2006;Mouratidou et al, 2007Mouratidou et al, , 2008, those which assess value judgment in the sporting context (Hahm, 1989;Calmeiro et al, 2015), those which measure moral behavior judgment in sport (Gibbons et al, 1995;Stephens et al, 1997;Guivernau and Duda, 2002;Kavussanu et al, 2002;Sage et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2007;Romand et al, 2009;Malete et al, 2013;Whitehead et al, 2013;Gurpinar, 2014), and those which assess moral content judgment in sport (Proios, 2010). These scales have made important contributions to the study on moral judgment in sport.…”

“…Specifically, the research and development of the existing scales largely focused on revealing the stages of development of moral judgment in sport and on investigating the motivational mechanisms behind moral misconduct in sport, rather than assessing the behavioral choices that lead to such misconduct. In addition, the type of moral misconducts involved in these scales are limited by a lack of systematic and comprehensive organization and analysis of moral misconduct in the sporting context (Gibbons et al, 1995;Stephens et al, 1997;Guivernau and Duda, 2002;Kavussanu et al, 2002;Sage et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2007;Romand et al, 2009;Malete et al, 2013;Whitehead et al, 2013;Gurpinar, 2014). Meanwhile, moral dilemmas have become the most popular experimental paradigm in empirical studies on moral cognition, and have become a preferred paradigm in the field of cognitive neuroscience of moral judgment (Christensen and Gomila, 2012).…”

Allvarliga idrottsskador hos svenska manliga akademifotbollsspelare

“…Uavhengig av nylige forsøk på bruk av skalaen og testing av dens psykometriske egenskaper i andre kulturelle kontekster (Malete, Chow, & Feltz, 2013) synes det viktig å validere skalaen til bruk her i landet. Det finnes i det hele tatt lite validering og bruk av skalaen i en europeisk idrettskontekst, og formålet med denne studien er derfor å undersøke den psykometriske kvaliteten ved den norske versjonen av Feltz et al (1999) -Coaching Efficacy Scale.…”