Influence of cold-pressed canola, brewers grains and hominy meal as dietary supplements suitable for reducing enteric methane emissions from lactating dairy cows

Moate, Peter J.; Williams, S.R.O.; Grainger, C.; Hannah, M.C.; Ponnampalam, Eric N.; Eckard, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.04.069

Cited by 134 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For reducing enteric methane, adding oil supplements to ruminant cattle diets (particularly dairy cattle) is supported by several recent reviews Martin et al 2010;Grainger and Beauchemin 2011;Moate et al 2011). Likewise, any management system that results in a net reduction of animal numbers should be eligible for inclusion as an offset method for reducing both methane and N 2 O .…”

Section: Brief Introduction To Policy Settings In Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock production in a changing climate: adaptation and mitigation research in Australia

Charmley²,

et al. 2012

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Abstract.Climate change presents a range of challenges for animal agriculture in Australia. Livestock production will be affected by changes in temperature and water availability through impacts on pasture and forage crop quantity and quality, feed-grain production and price, and disease and pest distributions. This paper provides an overview of these impacts and the broader effects on landscape functionality, with a focus on recent research on effects of increasing temperature, changing rainfall patterns, and increased climate variability on animal health, growth, and reproduction, including through heat stress, and potential adaptation strategies. The rate of adoption of adaptation strategies by livestock producers will depend on perceptions of the uncertainty in projected climate and regional-scale impacts and associated risk. However, management changes adopted by farmers in parts of Australia during recent extended drought and associated heatwaves, trends consistent with long-term predicted climate patterns, provide some insights into the capacity for practical adaptation strategies.Animal production systems will also be significantly affected by climate change policy and national targets to address greenhouse gas emissions, since livestock are estimated to contribute~10% of Australia's total emissions and 8-11% of global emissions, with additional farm emissions associated with activities such as feed production. More than two-thirds of emissions are attributed to ruminant animals. This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities facing livestock industries in Australia in adapting to and mitigating climate change. It examines the research needed to better define practical options to reduce the emissions intensity of livestock products, enhance adaptation opportunities, and support the continued contribution of animal agriculture to Australia's economy, environment, and regional communities.

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Section: Brief Introduction To Policy Settings In Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock production in a changing climate: adaptation and mitigation research in Australia

Charmley²,

et al. 2012

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“…There is now strong evidence that addition of plant lipids to the diet of dairy cows can reduce their enteric methane emissions (Grainger and Beauchemin 2011;Moate et al 2011). In Australia, there are several industries that produce plant by-products that, relative to pasture, contain a high concentration of lipids and are, therefore, potentially useful as feed supplements for ruminants.…”

Section: Lipid-containing Plant By-productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, many authors when describing short-term feeding experiments, have measured the total amount of enteric methane produced by a specific group of lactating cows in a particular period of an experiment, and then divided this amount by the total amount of milk produced by these same cows during the same period (e.g. Wims et al 2010;Moate et al 2011). We propose that this measure of methane (CH 4 ) intensity, which has units of g CH 4 /kg milk or milk solids (MS), should be defined as 'partial enteric methane intensity' (PEMI) because it does not take into account the enteric methane that is necessarily produced by growing heifers, non-lactating cows and bulls.…”

Section: Metric Of Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the carbon footprint of Australian milk production by mitigation of enteric methane emissions

Moate¹,

Deighton²,

Williams³

et al. 2016

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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Abstract. This review examines research aimed at reducing enteric methane emissions from the Australian dairy industry. Calorimeter measurements of 220 forage-fed cows indicate an average methane yield of 21.1 g methane (CH 4 )/kg dry matter intake. Adoption of this empirical methane yield, rather than the equation currently used in the Australian greenhouse gas inventory, would reduce the methane emissions attributed to the Australian dairy industry by~10%. Research also indicates that dietary lipid supplements and feeding high amounts of wheat substantially reduce methane emissions. It is estimated that, in 1980, the Australian dairy industry produced~185 000 t of enteric methane and total enteric methane intensity was 33.6 g CH 4 /kg milk. In 2010, the estimated production of enteric methane was 182 000 t, but total enteric methane intensity had declined~40% to 19.9 g CH 4 /kg milk. This remarkable decline in methane intensity and the resultant improvement in the carbon footprint of Australian milk production was mainly achieved by increased per-cow milk yield, brought about by the on-farm adoption of research findings related to the feeding and breeding of dairy cows. Options currently available to further reduce the carbon footprint of Australian milk production include the feeding of lipid-rich supplements such as cottonseed, brewers grains, cold-pressed canola, hominy meal and grape marc, as well as feeding of higher rates of wheat. Future technologies for further reducing methane emissions include genetic selection of cows for improved feed conversion to milk or low methane intensity, vaccines to reduce ruminal methanogens and chemical inhibitors of methanogenesis.

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“…However, Moate et al (2011) used brewers' grains, hominy meal and a combination of hominy meal and cold-pressed rapeseed in dairy cow diets, where the diets contained 51, 65 and 52 g crude fat/kg diet DM, respectively (compared with the control, which contained 26 g crude fat/kg diet DM). Moate et al (2011) observed a 5% reduction of CH 4 yield on both the brewers' grains and combined hominy meal and rapeseed treatments, and 12% on the hominy meal treatment; the greater reduction on the hominy meal treatment was likely due to the higher lipid concentration in the diet. They demonstrated for each 10 g/kg DM increase in dietary lipid concentration, CH 4 emissions were reduced by 3.5%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They demonstrated for each 10 g/kg DM increase in dietary lipid concentration, CH 4 emissions were reduced by 3.5%. Although the majority of studies to date have not investigated the persistency of the effects of lipid on suppressing CH 4 production, Moate et al (2011) demonstrated a persistency of their dietary effects over more than 7 weeks. The effect of lipid persisted throughout the current experiment (9 weeks) as there was no effect of measurement week (P = 0.50) on CH 4 production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane emissions from two breeds of beef cows offered diets containing barley straw with either grass silage or brewers’ grains

Duthie

Rooke

Hyslop

et al. 2015

Animal

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Increasing the concentration of dietary lipid is a promising strategy for reducing methane (CH 4 ) emissions from ruminants. This study investigated the effect of replacing grass silage with brewers' grains on CH 4 emissions of pregnant, non-lactating beef cows of two breeds. The experiment was a two × two factorial design comprising two breeds (LIMx, crossbred Limousin; and LUI, purebred Luing) and two diets consisting of (g/kg diet dry matter (DM)) barley straw (687) and grass silage (301, GS), or barley straw (763) and brewers' grains (226, BG), which were offered ad libitum. Replacing GS with BG increased the acid-hydrolysed ether extract concentration from 21 to 37 g/kg diet DM. Cows (n = 48) were group-housed in equal numbers of each breed across two pens and each diet was allocated to one pen. Before measurements of CH 4 , individual dry matter intake (DMI), weekly BW and weekly body condition score were measured for a minimum of 3 weeks, following a 4-week period to acclimatise to the diets. CH 4 emissions were subsequently measured on one occasion from each cow using individual respiration chambers. Due to occasional equipment failures, CH 4 measurements were run over 9 weeks giving 10 observations for each breed × treatment combination (total n = 40). There were no differences between diets for daily DMI measured in the chambers (9.92 v. 9.86 kg/day for BG and GS, respectively; P > 0.05). Cows offered the BG diet produced less daily CH 4 than GS-fed cows (131 v. 156 g/day: P < 0.01). When expressed either as g/kg DMI or kJ/MJ gross energy intake (GEI), BG-fed cows produced less CH 4 than GS-fed cows (13.5 v. 16.4 g/kg DMI, P < 0.05; 39.2 v. 48.6 kJ/MJ GEI, P < 0.01). Breed did not affect daily DMI or CH 4 expressed as g/day, g/kg DMI or kJ/MJ GEI ( P > 0.05). However, when expressed as a proportion of metabolic BW (BW 0.75 ), LUI cows had greater DMI than LIMx cows (84.5 v. 75.7 g DMI/kg BW 0.75 , P < 0.05) and produced more CH 4 per kg BW 0.75 than LIMx cows (1.30 v. 1.05 g CH 4 /kg BW 0.75 ; P < 0.01). Molar proportions of acetate were higher ( P < 0.001) and propionate and butyrate lower ( P < 0.01) in rumen fluid samples from BG-fed compared with GS-fed cows. This study demonstrated that replacing GS with BG in barley straw-based diets can effectively reduce CH 4 emissions from beef cows, with no suppression of DMI.

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Influence of cold-pressed canola, brewers grains and hominy meal as dietary supplements suitable for reducing enteric methane emissions from lactating dairy cows

Cited by 134 publications

References 26 publications

Livestock production in a changing climate: adaptation and mitigation research in Australia

Livestock production in a changing climate: adaptation and mitigation research in Australia

Reducing the carbon footprint of Australian milk production by mitigation of enteric methane emissions

Methane emissions from two breeds of beef cows offered diets containing barley straw with either grass silage or brewers’ grains

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