Influence of Component Properties on the Photovoltaic Performance of Monolithic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells: Sub‐Cell, Interconnecting Layer, and Photovoltaic Parameters

Abstract

Wide-bandgap perovskite sub-cells (WPSCs)-based tandem solar cells attract considerable interest because of their capability to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit. Monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells (POTSCs) integrating WPSCs and small-bandgap organic sub-cells (SOSCs) are famous compositions owing to their simple fabrication method and compatibility with flexible devices. Most studies on POTSCs focus on enhancing device efficiency by modifying one or two of the device components (WPSCs, SOSCs, and interconnecting layers). The characteristics of POTSCs are not extensively investigated so far, especially in terms of the influence of the device structure and component properties on the tandem device photovoltaic performance. In this study, the existing p-i-n type WPSC-based p-i-n POTSCs and n-i-p type WPSC-based n-i-p POTSCs are reviewed and their advantages and limitations are highlighted. Furthermore, the influence of the tandem device component properties (optical, electrical, and photovoltaic properties) on the photovoltaic parameters (open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, fill factor, and power conversion efficiency) and the existing device modification methods are discussed to provide comprehensive guidance for the development of POTSCs.

Rational Organic Subcell Engineering Enables Efficient Organic-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

“…The PCE can be further promoted to 22.11% by using LBz-F as the guest acceptor due to the enhanced J SC and higher FF of the solar cells with a high V OC being retained, representing one of the best performances among all organic-perovskite monolithic tandem solar cells. 57 As shown in Figure 4c, all devices have stable output under the maximum power point test, indicating reliable photovoltaic performance of the tandem cells. Figure 4d presents the EQE spectra of the perovskite front cells and the organic back cells operating in the tandem devices, and current matching is evidenced by the identical integrated current density for both subcells.…”

“…Tandem devices based on PM6:L8-BO:LBz-Cl have an optimal PCE of 21.60% ( V OC = 2.074 V, J SC = 13.20 mA/cm 2 , FF = 78.9%), higher than that of control devices based on the PM6:L8-BO back cell (20.99%), largely due to the improved J SC . The PCE can be further promoted to 22.11% by using LBz-F as the guest acceptor due to the enhanced J SC and higher FF of the solar cells with a high V OC being retained, representing one of the best performances among all organic-perovskite monolithic tandem solar cells . As shown in Figure c, all devices have stable output under the maximum power point test, indicating reliable photovoltaic performance of the tandem cells.…”

Synergistic electrical and light management enables efficient monolithic inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells with over 24% efficiency

“…26 Therefore, selecting suitable compositions of two subcells and reducing the electrical and light recombination is still challenging for achieving high-efficiency inorganic perovskite/organic TSCs with suppressive voltage loss. 27,28…”

“…26 Therefore, selecting suitable compositions of two subcells and reducing the electrical and light recombination is still challenging for achieving high-efficiency inorganic perovskite/organic TSCs with suppressive voltage loss. 27,28 In this work, we developed a synergistic electrical and light management strategy to increase efficiency and maximize the open-circuit voltage (V oc ) in inorganic perovskite/organic TSCs. Compared with the commonly used SnO 2 electron transport layer (ETL), the Cl@MZO ETL improves the electron transfer efficiency and reduces energy loss.…”

Phase Segregation and Voltage Loss Mitigated Highly Efficient Perovskite–Organic Tandem Solar Cells with a Simple Ambipolar SnOx Interconnecting Layer

“…[ 12b ] However, compared to individual subcells, the limited enhancement of PCE in TSCs can be attributed to the premature development of ICL, which results in optical and electrical losses. [ 13 ] Particularly, a thin layer (typically 1 nm) of metal (Ag or Au) is frequently required to render the ohmic contact in the ICL. [ 14 ] However, remarkable optical losses can be caused even an Ag or Au layer is as thin as 1 nm, which lowers the photocurrent of the rear subcell and thus deduct the overall short circuit current density ( J SC ) of the TSCs.…”