Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a rare but serious clinical
syndrome which can be characterized by the rapid deterioration of cardiac
function, with cardiogenic shock (CS) and arrhythmic electrical storms being
common presentations, often requiring adjunctive support with mechanical
circulatory devices. With the development of mechanical circulatory support (MCS)
devices, there are now more and more studies investigating the application of MCS
in FM patients, and the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to
treat FM has shown good survival rates. This review elucidates
the treatment of FM, and the application and clinical outcomes associated with
ECMO intervention.