Influence of Conidia Dispersal and Environment on Infection of Grape by Guignardia bidwellii

Ferrin, Donald L.; Ramsdell, D. C.

doi:10.1094/phyto-68-892

Cited by 20 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The time of the first seasonal release of ascospores and conidia agreed with the results obtained in previous work (Ferrin and Ramsdell 1977, 1978, Jermini and Gessler 1996. Conidia were first released at approximately budburst, and ascospores were first released 2 weeks later; the majority of both conidia and ascospores was released before pre-bunch closure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In the work of Jailloux (1992), alternating periods at 10 and 25 C resulted in the production of ascomata, and this result indirectly validates the interval 9 to 25 C used in the present work. Rain-related release of G. bidwellii has been previously indicated for conidia (Ferrin and Ramsdell 1978) but not for ascospores. The equation of Rossi et al (2014) for conidia release was developed by using the data of Ferrin and Ramsdell (1978) and Hoffman et al (2004), which were collected with different methods (in runoff water from mummies and by dipping mummies in water, respectively) and in different periods (from 23 April to 30 July, and from early-May to late-August, respectively).…”

Section: Rain Variablementioning

confidence: 98%

“…This result was not unexpected, because Ferrin and Ramsdell (1977) and Jermini and Gessler (1996) used volumetric spore samplers, which collect spores from the air rather than from runoff water, to quantify spore release. The equation of Rossi et al (2014) for conidia release was developed by using the data of Ferrin and Ramsdell (1978) and Hoffman et al (2004), which were collected with different methods (in runoff water from mummies and by dipping mummies in water, respectively) and in different periods (from 23 April to 30 July, and from early-May to late-August, respectively). In the work of Jailloux (1992), alternating periods at 10 and 25 C resulted in the production of ascomata, and this result indirectly validates the interval 9 to 25 C used in the present work.…”

Section: Rain Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ascomata must absorb water to forcibly discharge ascospores into the air (Reddick 1911). Conidia, which are exuded from pycnidia in mucilaginous cirri, are released by rainwater that runs off mummies and by splashing rain (Ferrin and Ramsdell 1978). Conidia, which are exuded from pycnidia in mucilaginous cirri, are released by rainwater that runs off mummies and by splashing rain (Ferrin and Ramsdell 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As little as 3 mm of rain was capable of triggering ascospore discharge, but the number of the ascospores discharged increased with the duration of rainfall, because the probability that mummies were wetted increased as rainfall duration increased (Ferrin and Ramsdell 1977). Conidia are expected to be released by smaller amounts of rain than that required for ascospores (Ferrin and Ramsdell 1978), but no precise information is available on the minimum amount of rain required for the release of conidia. Conidia are expected to be released by smaller amounts of rain than that required for ascospores (Ferrin and Ramsdell 1978), but no precise information is available on the minimum amount of rain required for the release of conidia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Release ofGuignardia bidwelliiascospores and conidia from overwintered grape berry mummies in the vineyard

Onesti

González‐Domínguez

Manstretta

et al. 2017

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

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Background and Aims Black rot, caused by Guignardia bidwellii, is a polycyclic grape disease with repeated primary and secondary infections. In this work, the release of primary inoculum (both ascospores and conidia) from overwintered grape mummies was studied over a 3‐year period. Methods and Results A spore sampler was designed consisting of: (i) a funnel for collecting spores washed off from grape mummies by rain; and (ii) microscope slides for spores being airborne in the proximity of mummies. Ascospores and conidia were frequently found in the runoff water; Gompertz equations were developed describing their seasonal cumulative numbers as a function of degree‐days, with R2 ≥ 0.92. The number of both spore types in the runoff water significantly increased as the amount of rain and its duration and intensity increased; >1 and >3 mm of rain were the best cut‐off points for predicting the release of conidia and ascospores, respectively. No ascospores were found on the microscope slides, but conidia were found on rainy days, clustered in circular areas, probably due to droplets splashing from mummies to slides during rainfall. Conclusions This work provides new information on the inoculum dynamics of G. bidwellii in vineyards that can be used in refining disease prediction models for improved disease control. Significance of the Study New equations were developed to describe the dynamics of G. bidwellii spore release as a function of degree‐days, and 1 and 3 mm of rain have been proposed as cut‐off values to predict the release of conidia and ascospores, respectively. This information could be incorporated into the mathematical models supporting the decision‐making for disease control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Rain Variablementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Rain Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Release ofGuignardia bidwelliiascospores and conidia from overwintered grape berry mummies in the vineyard

Onesti

González‐Domínguez

Manstretta

et al. 2017

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

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Accurate prediction of black rot epidemics in vineyards using a weather-driven disease model

2016

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QTL mapping of black rot (Guignardia bidwellii) resistance in the grapevine rootstock ‘Börner’ (V. riparia Gm183 × V. cinerea Arnold)

et al. 2014

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In the grapevine cultivar 'Börner' QTLs for black rot resistance were detected consistently in several independent experiments. For one QTL on chromosome 14 closely linked markers were developed and a detailed map provided. Black rot is a serious grapevine disease that causes substantial yield loss under unfavourable conditions. All traditional European grapevine cultivars are susceptible to the causative fungus Guignardia bidwellii which is native to North America. The cultivar 'Börner', an interspecific hybrid of V. riparia and V. cinerea, shows a high resistance to black rot. Therefore, a mapping population derived from the cross of the susceptible breeding line V3125 ('Schiava grossa' × 'Riesling') with 'Börner' was used to carry out QTL analysis. A resistance test was established based on potted plants which were artificially inoculated in a climate chamber with in vitro produced G. bidwellii spores. Several rating systems were developed and tested. Finally, a five class scheme was applied for scoring the level of resistance. A major QTL was detected based on a previously constructed genetic map and data from six independent resistance tests in the climate chamber and one rating of natural infections in the field. The QTL is located on linkage group 14 (Rgb1) and explained up to 21.8 % of the phenotypic variation (LOD 10.5). A second stable QTL mapped on linkage group 16 (Rgb2; LOD 4.2) and explained 8.5 % of the phenotypic variation. These two QTLs together with several minor QTLs observed on the integrated map indicate a polygenic nature of the black rot resistance in 'Börner'. A detailed genetic map is presented for the locus Rgb1 with tightly linked markers valuable for the development for marker-assisted selection for black rot resistance in grapevine breeding.

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Influence of Conidia Dispersal and Environment on Infection of Grape by Guignardia bidwellii

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Release ofGuignardia bidwelliiascospores and conidia from overwintered grape berry mummies in the vineyard

Release ofGuignardia bidwelliiascospores and conidia from overwintered grape berry mummies in the vineyard

Accurate prediction of black rot epidemics in vineyards using a weather-driven disease model

QTL mapping of black rot (Guignardia bidwellii) resistance in the grapevine rootstock ‘Börner’ (V. riparia Gm183 × V. cinerea Arnold)

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