Influence of cosmetic hair treatments on cannabinoids in hair: Bleaching, perming and permanent coloring

Elsué, Nicolas Van; Yegles, Michel

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.02.030

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…bleaching or permanent coloring) significantly affect the measured analyte concentrations in hair and might lead to false-negative results. [7][8][9] This practice results in a large variety of different treatment conditions complicating the interpretation of analysis results, especially if cosmetic treatment is in doubt and respective information is not enclosed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A possible new oxidation marker for hair adulteration: Detection of PTeCA (1H‐pyrrole‐2,3,4,5‐tetracarboxylic acid) in bleached hair

Eisenbeiss

Binz

Baumgartner

et al. 2019

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Hair analysis has become a valuable tool in forensic toxicology to assess drug or alcohol abstinence. Yet, hair adulteration by cosmetic products presents a major challenge for forensic hair analysis. Oxidative treatments, e.g. bleaching, may lead to analyte loss and thereby to false negative results. Currently, the eumelanin degradation product 1H-pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA) serves as a marker for oxidative hair treatment, but requires the definition of cut-off values. To investigate further eumelanin degradation products as markers for oxidative hair treatment, hair samples with and without in vitro bleaching (hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) concentrations 1.9% up to 12%; incubation times 15 min, 30 min, 60 min) were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS). The distribution of eumelanin degradation products along the hair shaft was investigated for routine applicability after segmentation of cosmetically untreated hair samples and authentically treated hair samples. The signals of the eumelanin degradation products PTCA, 1H-pyrrole-2,-3,4-tricarboxylic acid (isoPTCA), and 1H-pyrrole-2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid (PTeCA) were found to be significantly elevated after in vitro bleaching already with low H 2 O 2 concentrations and after short incubation times. In contrast to PTCA and isoPTCA, PTeCA was not detectable in cosmetically untreated segments up to 12 cm from hair root and was only formed through the oxidation process. The results of the study show that the detection of PTeCA within the proximal 3 to 6 cm segment can be applied to reliably detect hair adulteration attempts through hair bleaching. K E Y W O R D Shair biomarker, melanin degradation, oxidative hair treatment, PTCA, PTeCA

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A possible new oxidation marker for hair adulteration: Detection of PTeCA (1H‐pyrrole‐2,3,4,5‐tetracarboxylic acid) in bleached hair

Eisenbeiss

Binz

Baumgartner

et al. 2019

Drug Testing and Analysis

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show abstract

“…These treatments include "detox-shampoos", tinting, semi-permanent/permanent hair dyeing or hair straightening, [2][3][4][5][6][7] however the most effective being oxidative hair treatments with hydrogen per-oxide (H 2 O 2 ) under alkaline conditions which are used for permanent hair dyeing and hair bleaching. 8,9 Especially the latter can decrease DOA or alcohol marker concentrations significantly and might potentially result in false negative hair testing results. 10 This makes them popular for intended hair manipulation to avoid positive tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cheating on forensic hair testing? Detection of potential biomarkers for cosmetically altered hair samples using untargeted hair metabolomics

Eisenbeiss

Binz

Baumgartner

et al. 2020

Analyst

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“…External factors (e.g., UV) and cosmetic treatment can modify the concentration of molecules in hair. It can result in a loss of 50-80% of the initial hair concentrations of a molecule [6][7][8]. Finally, the interpretation of hair concentrations can be difficult due to the lack of information in the scientific literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of furosemide in hair in a post‐mortem case by UHPLC‐MS/MS with guidance on interpretation

Gheddar

Batt²,

Raul

et al. 2020

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Testing for drugs in hair raises several difficulties. Among them is the interpretation of the final concentration(s). In a post-mortem case, analyses revealed the presence of furosemide (12 ng/mL) in femoral blood, although it was not part of the victim's treatment. The prosecutor requested our laboratory to undertake an additional analysis in hair to obtain information about the use of furosemide. A specific method was therefore developed and validated to identify and quantify furosemide in hair by UHPLC-MS/MS. After decontamination of 30 mg of hair, incubation in acidic condition, extraction with ethyl acetate, the samples were analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS. Furosemide was found in the victim's hair at 225 pg/mg. However, it was not possible to interpret this concentration due to the absence of data in the literature. Therefore, the authors performed a controlled study in two parts. In order to establish the basis of interpretation, several volunteers were tested (four after a single 20 mg administration and twenty-four under daily treatment). The first part indicated that a single dose is not detectable in hair using our method. The second part demonstrated concentrations ranging from 5 to 1110 pg/mg with no correlation between dosage and hair concentrations. The decedent's hair result was interpreted as repeated exposures. In the case of furosemide analysis, hair can provide information about its presence but cannot give information about dosage or frequency of use.

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Influence of cosmetic hair treatments on cannabinoids in hair: Bleaching, perming and permanent coloring

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

A possible new oxidation marker for hair adulteration: Detection of PTeCA (1H‐pyrrole‐2,3,4,5‐tetracarboxylic acid) in bleached hair

A possible new oxidation marker for hair adulteration: Detection of PTeCA (1H‐pyrrole‐2,3,4,5‐tetracarboxylic acid) in bleached hair

Cheating on forensic hair testing? Detection of potential biomarkers for cosmetically altered hair samples using untargeted hair metabolomics

Identification of furosemide in hair in a post‐mortem case by UHPLC‐MS/MS with guidance on interpretation

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