Influence of country and company characteristics on international business decisions: A review, conceptual model, and propositions

The impact of the macro-environment on consumer scepticism towards cause-related marketing

“…political, economic forces, etc. ), it is the factor that determines the country's attractiveness (Brown et al, 2014: Kotler et al, 2019.…”

Assessment of regions using an index for a location’s attractiveness for business development

“…The concept of attractiveness for business development is a research area that is among the most difficult to define, as it combines different interrelated aspects of favourable conditions for doing business, investment, living, working, learning and travelling. Therefore, we find overlapping concepts such as investment attractiveness (Godlewska-Majkowska, 2018;Strzelczyk, 2015), business environment (Kisel ' akov a et al, 2019), economic environment (Dub e et al, 2016), business climate (Conroy et al, 2017), economic performance (Chin, 2020), market environment (Budzy nska, 2016), country characteristics (Kotler et al, 2019) and geomarketing (Ramadani et al, 2018). Research that focuses on location-specific rather than country-specific factors and that addresses issues of business development rather than the attraction of investment, uses the concept of a location's attractiveness for business development (Dub e et al, 2016;Godlewska-Majkowska, 2018;Ramadani et al, 2018).…”

“…In this article we include all of the definitions mentioned above in the analysis of the theoretical background, to give a deeper understanding of the impact of attractiveness for business development on the establishment of a new business. Following Kotler et al (2019) and Dunning (2003), we define a location's attractiveness for business development as the particular characteristics and competitive advantages of the location that affect strategic decisions about the establishment or development (maintenance) of a business in this location. In the article we focus on the aspect of the establishment of a new business.…”

“…The factors that drive the location decision for a new start-up and those that influence the decision of a larger firm looking for a site for a new branch are likely to be very different (Conroy et al, 2017). The factors analysis that is usually done is based on the one of three theoretical frameworks, namely, the neo-classical, behavioural, or institutional framework (Kotler et al, 2019). The institutional approach plays a crucial role in the analysis of location attractiveness in the context of the establishment of a new business (Chin, 2020), but all these approaches are widely used in international business decision and business reallocation research.…”

“…A country that has a higher level of political stability, transparency, and human development is more likely to be attractive (Lee, 2016). An effective approach to researching a new market involves gathering information about firms already operating in this market (Kotler et al, 2019). However, Dunning (2003) argues that the explanatory variables of investment attractiveness differ according to the motives for investment, the composition of the sector, the home and host countries of the investing firm, and a variety of firmspecific considerations; recently, intangible factors have become more important in developing the attractiveness of a location.…”