Influence of coupling agents in the preparation of polypropylene composites reinforced with recycled fibers

Franco-Marquès, E.; Méndez, José Alberto; Pèlach, M. Àngels; Vilaseca, Fabiola; Bayer, John; Mutjé, Pere

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2010.12.031

Cited by 102 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Table 4 displays the tensile properties of composites prepared and tested following the same conditions used in this work. The only noteworthy difference with the materials evaluated here comes from the utilization of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene, a coupling agent that has been extensively used in fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites (Franco-Marquès et al 2011). The tensile strength of the TPS matrix used in this work was about 7% lower than that of PP.…”

Section: Comparison With "Traditional" Fiber-reinforced Compositesmentioning

confidence: 80%

High-Performance-Tensile-Strength Alpha-Grass Reinforced Starch-Based Fully Biodegradable Composites

Gironès¹,

Espinach²,

Pellicer³

et al. 2013

BioResources

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aThough there has been a great deal of work concerning the development of natural fibers in reinforced starch-based composites, there is still more to be done. In general, cellulose fibers have lower strength than glass fibers; however, their specific strength is not far from that of fiberglass. In this work, alpha-fibers were obtained from alpha-grass through a mild cooking process. The fibers were used to reinforce a starch-based biopolymer. Composites including 5 to 35% (w/w) alpha-grass fibers in their formulation were prepared, tested, and subsequently compared with those of wood-and fiberglass-reinforced polypropylene (PP). The term "high-performance" refers to the tensile strength of the studied composites and is mainly due to a good interphase, a good dispersion of the fibers inside the matrix, and a good aspect ratio. The tensile strength of the composites showed a linear evolution for fiber contents up to 35% (w/w). The strain at break of the composites decreased with the fiber content and showed the stiffening effects of the reinforcement. The prepared composites showed high mechanical properties, even approaching those of glass fiber reinforced composites. Keywords INTRODUCTIONIt is commonly accepted that biopolymers and bio-fibers have the potential to replace or reduce the consumption of fossil fuel-derived plastics. In addition, to facilitate the recycling of these materials, such replacement should lead to reductions in energy consumption, pollution, and CO 2 emissions. Hence, fiber-reinforced composites are often described as eco-friendly materials. However, the mechanical properties and/or the price of such composites have rendered them inadequate for many applications to date. In general, cellulosic fibers have inferior strength compared to their synthetic counterparts, such as aramid, carbon, and glass fibers.Due to their lower density, some natural fibers have a specific strength not far from those of fiberglass. On the other hand, bio-based matrices (such as polylactic acid or polyhydroxybutyrate) remain more expensive than petroleum-derived polymers. Nevertheless, thanks to their price/performance balance, ongoing innovations are offering new commercial opportunities for bio-based polymers and their composites in several applications. PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLEbioresources.com Gironès et al. (2013). "Alpha/starch composites," BioResources 8(4), 6121-6135 6122Compared to lactones, butyrates, valerates, and other monomers used for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers, starch is an inexpensive product whose transformation into a thermoplastic polymer can be accomplished in a rather straight-forward manner (Coombs and Hall 1998;Teixeira et al. 2007;Averous and Halley 2009;Dogossy and Czigany 2011;Gandini 2011). As a result, thermoplastic starch (TPS) is considered one of the most promising biopolymers for large-scale applications. During the last few decades, TPS has received considerable attention among the scientific world (John and Thomas 2008;Belhassen et al. 2009;Cañigueral et al. 2009;Cha...

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Section: Comparison With "Traditional" Fiber-reinforced Compositesmentioning

confidence: 80%

High-Performance-Tensile-Strength Alpha-Grass Reinforced Starch-Based Fully Biodegradable Composites

Gironès¹,

Espinach²,

Pellicer³

et al. 2013

BioResources

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“…The virgin wood fibers and the cellulosic fibers from recycled papers had a higher aspect ratio (length by diameter ratio), and when are used as reinforcement with the adequate coupling agents, are able to increase both, the elastic moduli and the strength of the composite materials. The improvement of the elastic moduli is slightly superior to that obtained with particulate fillers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. The natural strands as jute, kenaf, flax, are the most effective cellulosic reinforcement fibers [2,[10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Estimation of the interfacial shears strength, orientation factor and mean equivalent intrinsic tensile strength in old newspaper fiber/polypropylene composites

Serrano

Espinach²,

Julián³

et al. 2013

Composites Part B: Engineering

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 2 angle and the mean interfacial shear strength. The contributions of the matrix, the subcritical and the supercritical fibers to the tensile strength of the composite material were also computed.

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“…Virgin wood fibers and cellulosic fibers from recycled papers, when used as reinforcement with the adequate coupling agents, are able to increase both the elastic moduli and the strength of the composite materials [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The strength of natural fiber reinforced composites is highly influenced by the incompatibility between the hydrophilic fibers and the hydrophobic polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macro and micromechanics analysis of short fiber composites stiffness: The case of old newspaper fibers–polypropylene composites

Serrano

Espinach²,

Tresserras³

et al. 2014

Materials & Design

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Influence of coupling agents in the preparation of polypropylene composites reinforced with recycled fibers

Cited by 102 publications

References 22 publications

High-Performance-Tensile-Strength Alpha-Grass Reinforced Starch-Based Fully Biodegradable Composites

High-Performance-Tensile-Strength Alpha-Grass Reinforced Starch-Based Fully Biodegradable Composites

Estimation of the interfacial shears strength, orientation factor and mean equivalent intrinsic tensile strength in old newspaper fiber/polypropylene composites

Macro and micromechanics analysis of short fiber composites stiffness: The case of old newspaper fibers–polypropylene composites

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