Influence of coupling on thermal forces and dynamic friction in plasmas with multiple ion species

Kagan, Grigory; Daligault, Jérôme

doi:10.1063/1.4986086

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In this process, since the implosion core contains multiple ion species due to the fuel combinations and possible fuel-shell mixing during the implosion, the pressure and temperature gradients in the imploding target can drive ion species separation 10,11 via interspecies diffusion (e.g., baro-, thermo-, and electro-diffusion) between the ions comprising the fuel. [12][13][14][15] Such a phenomenon has been proposed to explain the deficit in nuclear yield or yield-ratio anomalies reported in several ICF experimental campaigns. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] However, all these campaigns relied on comparing total yield measurements with standard radiation-hydrodynamic simulations that do not model multi-ion-species physics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation and modeling of interspecies ion separation in inertial confinement fusion implosions via imaging x-ray spectroscopy

et al. 2017

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We report first direct experimental evidence of interspecies ion separation in direct-drive ICF experiments performed at the OMEGA laser facility via spectrally, temporally and spatially resolved imaging x-rayspectroscopy data [S. C. Hsu et al., EPL 115, 65001 (2016)]. These experiments were designed based on the expectation that interspecies ion thermo-diffusion would be strongest for species with large mass and charge difference. The targets were spherical plastic shells filled with D 2 and a trace amount of Ar (0.1% or 1% by atom). Ar K-shell spectral features were observed primarily between the time of first-shock convergence and slightly before neutron bang time, using a time-and space-integrated spectrometer, a streaked crystal spectrometer, and two gated multi-monochromatic x-ray imagers fielded along quasi-orthogonal lines of sight. Detailed spectroscopic analyses of spatially resolved Ar K-shell lines reveal deviation from the initial 1% Ar gas fill and show both Ar-concentration enhancement and depletion at different times and radial positions of the implosion. The experimental results are interpreted with radiation-hydrodynamic simulations that include recently implemented, first-principles models of interspecies ion diffusion. The experimentally inferred Aratom fraction profiles agree reasonably with calculated profiles associated with the incoming and rebounding first shock.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation and modeling of interspecies ion separation in inertial confinement fusion implosions via imaging x-ray spectroscopy

et al. 2017

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“…Note that here Γ = 2.48 Γ 0 . Kagan et al (2017) developed further the idea of effective Coulomb logarithms and applied the effective potential method to the calculation of thermal diffusion coefficients (as proposed by Beznogov and Yakovlev 2014b). The state of the art of the effective potentials approach is described by Baalrud and Daligault (2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

Diffusive heat blanketing envelopes of neutron stars

Beznogov

Potekhin

Yakovlev

2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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We construct new models of outer heat blanketing envelopes of neutron stars composed of binary ion mixtures (H -He, He -C, C -Fe) in and out of diffusive equilibrium. To this aim, we generalize our previous work on diffusion of ions in isothermal gaseous or Coulomb liquid plasmas to handle non-isothermal systems. We calculate the relations between the effective surface temperature T s and the temperature T b at the bottom of heat blanketing envelopes (at a density ρ b ∼ 10 8 − 10 10 g cm −3 ) for diffusively equilibrated and non-equilibrated distributions of ion species at different masses ∆M of lighter ions in the envelope. Our principal result is that the T s − T b relations are fairly insensitive to detailed distribution of ion fractions over the envelope (diffusively equilibrated or not) and depend almost solely on ∆M . The obtained relations are approximated by analytic expressions which are convenient for modeling the evolution of neutron stars.

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“…To find a closure of the BBGKY hierarchy, they exhibited an expansion parameter independent on the range or the strength of the interaction potential. As a result, their kinetic equation applies equally well to neutral gas and plasmas and admits a particularly large validity domain 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapman-Enskog derivation of multicomponent Navier-Stokes equations

Arnault¹,

Guisset²

2022

Preprint

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There are several reasons to extend the presentation of Navier-Stokes equations to multicomponent systems. Many technological applications are based on physical phenomena that are present neither in pure elements nor in binary mixtures. Whereas Fourier's law must already be generalized in binaries, it is only with more than two components that Fick's law breaks down in its simple form. The emergence of dissipative phenomena affects also the inertial confinement fusion configurations, designed as prototypes for the future fusion nuclear plants hopefully replacing the fission ones.This important topic can be described in much simpler terms than in many textbooks since the publication of the formalism put forward recently by Snider in Phys. Rev. E 82, 051201 (2010). In a very natural way, it replaces the linearly dependent atomic fractions by the independent set of partial densities. Then, the Chapman-Enskog procedure is hardly more complicated for multicomponent mixtures than for pure elements. Moreover, the recent proposal of a convergent kinetic equation by Baalrud and Daligault in Phys. Plasmas 26, 082106 (2019) demonstrates that Boltzmann equation with the potential of mean force is a far better choice in situations close to equilibrium, as described by the Navier-Stokes equations, than Landau or Lenard-Balescu equations.In our comprehensive presentation, we emphasize the physical arguments behind Chapman-Enskog derivation and keep the mathematics as simple as possible. This excludes as a technical non-essential aspect the solution of the linearized Boltzmann equation through an expansion in Hermite polynomials. We discuss the link with the second principle of Thermodynamics of entropy increase, and what can be learned from this exposition.

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Influence of coupling on thermal forces and dynamic friction in plasmas with multiple ion species

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Observation and modeling of interspecies ion separation in inertial confinement fusion implosions via imaging x-ray spectroscopy

Observation and modeling of interspecies ion separation in inertial confinement fusion implosions via imaging x-ray spectroscopy

Diffusive heat blanketing envelopes of neutron stars

Chapman-Enskog derivation of multicomponent Navier-Stokes equations

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