Influence of Crowbar and Chopper Protection on DFIG during Low Voltage Ride Through

Barbosa, F. P. Maciel; Pereira, Rondineli Rodrigues; Pereira, Adelino J. C.; Ferreira, C. Machado

doi:10.3390/en11040885

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It can be seen in (12) and (13) that the output dq-axis components (i gdq ) of grid current can be controlled by u gd and u gq . The proportional-integral (PI) regulators are used to generate the control signals u d and u q as follows (14) and (15) in (10) and (11), respectively, we have…”

Section: Converter Controller Of Type-4 Pmsg Wind Turbine Generatormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the wind farm is required to stay connected to the utility grid in short periods of low voltage, various LVRT control strategies have been proposed. The crowbar protection is the most well-known approach to protect the wind turbine generator during fault condition [15][16][17]. The design of a high-power resistor in the crowbar protection should be considered carefully since resistor value has a negative impact on the stator current of a wind turbine generator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of a LVRT Control Strategy of Offshore Wind Farms on the HTS Power Cable

2020

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High temperature superconducting (HTS) power cables are a potential solution for the grid integration of offshore wind farms since the HTS cable can conduct bulk wind power at low voltage levels. However, the transient current through the HTS cable in cases of low voltage ride through (LVRT) operation has a negative impact on the HTS cable operation due to the quenching phenomenon. This paper analyzes the impact of LVRT control strategies on the HTS cable operation. In addition, a coordinated control of wind turbines for LVRT improvement of an offshore wind farm is proposed. The feasibility of the HTS cable application for the grid connection of offshore wind farms is also discussed in this study. The proposed controller is designed for the wind turbine generator based on a type-4 permanent magnet synchronous generator. In the proposed controller, the transient current through the HTS cable is reduced by regulating the machine side power during fault conditions. The feasibility of the proposed controller is validated in the PSCAD/EMTDC program (Manitoba Hydro International Ltd., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, version 4.2.1). The effects of transient current on the cable temperatures and resistances are analyzed in this study. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy could reduce the transient current and temperature rise of the HTS cable.

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Section: Converter Controller Of Type-4 Pmsg Wind Turbine Generatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of a LVRT Control Strategy of Offshore Wind Farms on the HTS Power Cable

2020

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“…This may result in a cascading failure leading to blackouts [11]. This problem becomes even more challenging in double fed induction generators (DFIGs) due to the presence of two sets of powered magnetic windings [12]. Existing works on the use of DFIGs focus on the high energy capture efficiency and improved power quality without due consideration to the fact that DFIGs may not have the desired LVRT characteristics in terms of grid code requirements [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal mode control based coordinated controller for brushless doubly fed induction generator in wind turbines during fault conditions

Memon

Mustafa

Khidrani

et al. 2021

IJEECS

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Brushless double fed induction generator (BDFIG) based machines have gained popularity in wind turbine applications because of their easily accessible design. Low voltage ride through (LVRT) is critical for the reliable integration of renewable energy with the power grid. The refore, LVRT capability of brushless DFIGs makes them an attractive choice for maintaining voltage stability in grid. The existing works on BDFIG control suffer from two major drawbacks. Firstly, the methodology does not consider LVRT as a design metric, and secondly, these techniques do not have any means for coordinating between a machine side inverter (MSI) and grid side inverter (GSI). This results in sub-optimal controller design and eventually result in the violation of grid code requirements. To solve these issues, this paper proposes the use of brushless DFIGs in wind turbines using a control technique based on analytical modeling. Moreover, employing internal model control (IMC), the proposed technique can effectively coordinate the control between the MSI and GSI resulting in reduced oscillations, overshoots and improved stability under fault conditions. Furthermore, the simulation results for wind turbine generators show that the proposed scheme significantly improves the stability and compliance of grid codes ascompared to the existing hardware techniques.

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Section: 4 Lvrt Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, a crowbar can be used in a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) system to prevent system failure [49]. Traditionally, a crowbar is a resistance, which is used to short circuit the rotor windings in the DFIG system [49]. However, there is a major shortcoming of the crowbar that when it is operating, the rotor-side converter is disabled, and the control of the DFIG is lost.…”

Section: 4 Lvrt Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low voltage ride-through strategies for a 3-phase grid-connected PV system

Wen¹

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Grid codes is a technical specification which defines the parameters a power system that are connected to the national power systems has to ensure safe, secure and eco-nomic proper functioning of the electric system. One of these requirements is to stay connected to the grid during faults. In such scenarios, the generating unit should remain connected to the grid for a certain period and provide reactive power to support the grid. This is called low voltage ride-through capability. At the early stage, low voltage ride-through requirements were imposed for large scale generators connected to the trans-mission network. However, with the increased penetration of distributed generation, such as PV panels implemented in the distribution network, the low voltage ride-through requirements are also required for distributed generation. With the maturity of PV technology, the cost of PV generation has decreased. Therefore, the total installed capacity of grid-connected PV generation has increased; this has cre-ated new challenges to the low voltage ride-through. Power quality and transient per-formance are the most critical aspects of the grid-connected PV systems under grid faults. PV generation is permitted to switch off from the grid during a fault; however, with the high penetration of the installed PV system, it will degrade the power quality if the same method applied. It is necessary to make sure that the inverter currents remain sinusoidal and within the acceptable limits at the instant of the fault, during and after the fault clearance for different types of faults. Accordingly, this thesis proposes two low voltage ride-through strategies for a 3-phase grid-connected PV system in different reference frames. The presented low voltage ride-through control algorithm in the synchronous reference frame, which fulfils a voltage compensation unit and the reactive power injection block is designed to protect the inverter from overcurrent failure under both symmetrical and asymmetrical faults, reduce the double grid frequency oscillations and provides reac-tive power support by applying a voltage compensation unit. The inverter can also inject sinusoidal current during asymmetrical faults. The method does not require a hard switch from the Maximum Power Point Tracking to a non-Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithm, which ensures a smooth transition. The proposed method in the stationary reference frame provides a fast post-fault recov-ery, which is essential to minimize the fault impacts on the loads and the converter. The method, which consists of a new reference currents calculation block and the voltage compensation unit, maintains the converter current within acceptable limits, produces sinusoidal current even during asymmetrical faults, improves the post-fault recovery performance, and provides independent control for active and reactive powers.

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Influence of Crowbar and Chopper Protection on DFIG during Low Voltage Ride Through

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Impacts of a LVRT Control Strategy of Offshore Wind Farms on the HTS Power Cable

Impacts of a LVRT Control Strategy of Offshore Wind Farms on the HTS Power Cable

Internal mode control based coordinated controller for brushless doubly fed induction generator in wind turbines during fault conditions

Low voltage ride-through strategies for a 3-phase grid-connected PV system

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