Influence of curing temperature on the hydration and strength development of Class G Portland cement

Hydration kinetics of oil well cement in the temperature range between 5 and 30°C

“…The degree of hydration calculated by Eq. 1 was within the range of 71.5 ± 1.5% for different cements (Taylor, 1997;Pang et al, 2022). For the same cement, the differences between cumulative hydration heat at 25 °C and that at 30 °C were less than 0.4% at the end of 7 days.…”

“…The rate of reduction in the lower temperature range is in reasonable agreement with that used by Hernandez-Bautista et al (2016) in the temperature range of 23-60 °C (0.189 kJ/mol/ °C). The dependence of E a on curing temperature is known from a number of previous studies (Pang et al, 2013a;Pang et al, 2013b;Pang et al, 2013c;Sun et al, 2021a;Pang et al, 2021;Pang et al, 2022). Generally, a constant E a is convenient (and often accurate enough) to simulate cement hydration kinetics variations in a narrow temperature range (Matthieu et al, 2012;Pang et al, 2013a;Pang et al, 2013b; Frontiers in Materials frontiersin.org…”

“…Figure 8 presents heat evolution from cements with different w/c ratios in the range of 15-30 °C. The cement slurry was prepared based on the formula in previous studies (Pang et al, 2021;Pang et al, 2022) but using CaCl 2 as the accelerator. As shown in Figure 8, with the increase in the w/c ratio, the time it took for the heat release rate to reach the peak decreased slightly.…”

“…Frontiers in Materials frontiersin.org Martinelli et al, 2013;Maruyama and Lura, 2019;Sun et al, 2021a;Pang et al, 2022), a variable E a (Pang et al, 2021), or a reference test at variable temperatures (Pang et al, 2020) would be required to simulate cement hydration kinetics variations in a wide temperature range.…”

“…Calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) has been used to improve the early compressive strength development of cement and shorten the setting time at low temperatures for many years, but a consensus about the mechanism of CaCl 2 promoting the hydration of cement has not been reached. Pang et al developed a scale factor model to simulate the influence of temperature on the hydration kinetics and property development of oil well cement (Pang et al, 2013c;Pang et al, 2020;Pang et al, 2021;Pang et al, 2022). It has been shown that the model can be employed to predict the temperature change of oil well cement when heat exchange with the environment is known (Pang et al, 2020).…”