Influence of day of postpartum breeding on pregnancy rate, pregnancy loss rate, and foaling rate in Thoroughbred mares

Blanchard, T.L.; Thompson, James A.; Love, Charles C.; Brinsko, S. P.; Ramsey, Joe; O'Meara, A.; Varner, D.D.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.10.034

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thus, in a study by Loy (1980), the embryos likely enter the uterus at 16 to 17 days after parturition, when the histological involution of the uterus is complete (Gygax et al, 1979). Postpartum uterine involution was carefully studied in the mares (Ginther, 1992;Sharma et al, 2010;Blanchard et al, 2012), but little information is available for jennies (Dadarwal et al, 2004). The use of AI is also a relevant issue in terms of maximizing reproductive efficiency in farm animals, and it is particularly effective in ensuring heterozygosis and long-term population survival in endangered breeds (Schook et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive characteristics of foal heat in female donkeys

Carluccio¹,

Gloria²,

Robbe³

et al. 2017

Animal

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In this study, the first postpartum heat, termed the foal heat, characteristics and performance in female donkey (jenny) of Martina Franca are described. To this end, the follicular development of 42 jennies during foal heat was compared with that of 31 jennies at the third estrus after foaling. Estrus length (7.1 ± 0.9 and 6.8 ± 0.7 days), follicular development and preovulatory follicle size (43.7 ± 3.5 and 45.1 ± 2.5 mm) were similar between jennies during the foal heat and during the third estrus after foaling. The pregnancy rate at day 14 was significantly lower in the foal heat jennies (57.1%) than the third estrus jennies (82.3%). However, the pregnancy rate at day 14 in foal heat jennies increased significantly when the onset of foal heat was ⩾8 days after foaling (93.8%) or when the ovulation happened ⩾12 days after foaling (85.7%). The data provided in the present study suggest that the foal heat in the endangered jennies of Martina Franca could be successfully utilized to reduce the interpartum period if the onset of foal heat occurs >8 days after foaling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive characteristics of foal heat in female donkeys

Carluccio¹,

Gloria²,

Robbe³

et al. 2017

Animal

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“…Recent studies showed that covered mares in the early puerperium (foal heat) have a significantly reduced chance to get pregnant (Blanchard et al 2012…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive efficiency in lactating mares inseminated early in the puerperium (<10 days post partum) versus non-lactating mares inseminated 180 days post partum

Camargo¹,

Kozicki²,

Ruda³

et al. 2017

PHK

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Summary: To achieve the desired reproduction rate of one foal per year per mare and to optimize the reproductive potential of mares that are embryo donors, foal heat should be utilized as a tool for improvement of fertility. The mare is the only domestic animal showing ovulatory estrus shortly after foaling. The uterine involution and the ovarian activity (post partum follicular dynamic) in the early puerperium go through brief periods of time. Fetal expulsion at physiological delivery occurs within a short time and the placenta is expelled few hours later. Such events in the intra-and peri-partal period may be also related to the type of histological tissue that composes the cervix in these animals. The mare's cervix (muscular type) has a fantastic speed related to uterine involution, unlike the other species in domestic animals (cervix fibro-cartilaginous type) (more resistant requesting more time to involute). Nonetheless, fertility during foal heat is reported to be by some authors better or similar or even lower than fertility during heat outside this period. There are still some controversies on this matter, so we hypothesized that non-lactating mares have a greater potential for pregnancy rate than that lactating mares in foal heat, because the uterine involution is already finalized and ovarian activity is basically normalized in non-lactating mares, opening greater possibilities to became pregnant. In Southern Brazil, the Criollo breed (an original cross between Andalusian and Berber breeds) is a well stablished and widely used breed of horse, as it adapted well to the features of the Brazilian climate under field conditions, and developed two useful abilities (too much for work, and sports). To improve the reproduction mainly in Criollo horses, this study aimed to compare the pregnancy rate (PR) and other reproductive parameters (parturition-artificial insemination interval; parturition-ovulation interval; diameter of preovulatory follicle; artificial insemination-ovulation interval) between lactating mares in early puerperium and non-lactating mares artificially inseminated (AI) ≥ 180 days postpartum. This study took place at a stud farm in Southern Brazil between September and December (breeding season). Thirty-one mares Criollo breed, multiparous with mean age 9.6 years (range 6 -14) and body condition score (BCS) 3.1 (1= thin, 5 = obese) were divided into two groups: lactating mares (LMs) subjected to AI <10 days postpartum (n =16) and non-lactating mares (NLMs) AI ≥180 days postpartum (n =15). The mares were selected based on clinical criteria (absence of clinical endometritis or abnormal uterine discharge and by parturition date). Both groups had the same environment and nutritional conditions. The ovaries were examined by ultrasonography every other day; after detection of a follicle ≥ 30 mm in diameter (= the sum of the larger and smaller diameter divided by 2), the examinations with ultrasonography were conducted daily. After the detection of follicles ≥ 35 mm, uterine edema, and open cervix, ...

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“…Recentemente, em um estudo realizado com grande número de ciclos pós-parto (3184 ciclos), os autores relataram alguns fatores que influenciam os resultados reprodutivos em éguas no período pós-parto, tais como: 1) idade, com redução da probabilidade de prenhez nas fêmeas com idade superior a 18 anos; 2) dia do puerpério, com redução da probabilidade para éguas acasaladas antes do dia 22 após o parto; 3) aumento da probabilidade para perdas gestacionais em éguas com idade superior a 18 anos; e 4) aumento da probabilidade para perdas gestacionais em éguas acasaladas antes de 13 dias pós-parto (BLANCHARD et al, 2012). De forma semelhante, em outro estudo recente utilizando jumentas no período pós-parto, os autores observaram redução nas taxas de prenhez em animais que apresentavam estro na primeira semana pós-parto quando comparados a animais que apresentam estro a partir da segunda semana, assim como uma redução nas taxas de prenhez foi atribuída à animais mais velhos (14 a 16 anos) em comparação aos mais jovens (< 6 anos) (TOSI et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…No entanto, levando-se em consideração uma gestação entre 335-340 dias, é necessário que a concepção ocorra no início do período pós-parto, visto que um maior intervalo (parto-concepção) pode resultar em atraso gradual nas datas de parto dos anos subsequentes, ou eventualmente um ano sem a produção de um potro (BLANCHARD et al, 2012). Portanto, para se melhorar o retorno econômico em sistemas de criação, os eventos do puerpério na espécie equina são essenciais para que se mantenha um intervalo entre partos de 12 meses.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Neste contexto, a redução nos índices reprodutivos durante o período pós-parto tem sido atribuída a um incompleto processo de involução uterina, principalmente em relação ao endométrio (GINTHER, 1992). Dessa forma, alguns autores relatam menores taxas de prenhez em éguas que ovulam antes dos 10 dias (LOY, 1980), assim como menores taxas de prenhez ou maiores chances de perdas gestacionais têm sido atribuídas a éguas acasaladas antes dos 22 ou 13 dias pós-parto, respectivamente (BLANCHARD et al, 2012). Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar as características de dinâmica folicular e aspectos de vascularização ovariana em éguas no período pós-parto, buscando avaliar as diferenças entre animais que apresentam estro e ovulação precoce (< 10 dias) em relação aos animais que apresentam ovulação tardia (> 10 dias).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avaliação da dinâmica ovariana, características uterinas, fluxo sanguíneo uterino e ovariano e concentrações séricas de progesterona em éguas no período pós-parto

Lemes¹

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Avaliação da dinâmica ovariana, características uterinas, fluxosanguíneo uterino e ovariano e concentrações séricas de progesterona em éguas no período pós-parto The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of ovarian dynamics, aspects of the uterine involution process and characteristics of uterine and ovarian hemodynamic during the postpartum period in mares (n = 10). Thus, the content presented in this thesis is divided into two chapters. In the first chapter, the aspects of the uterine involution process and characteristics of endometrial and mesometrial vascularization were evaluated. A rapid reduction (P<0,05) in uterine diameter was observed during the first 7 days postpartum, with subsequent decrease in the rate of uterine involution, and this process was completed in about 21 days for formerly nongravid horn (CNG) and 24 days for the formerly gravid horn (CG). For intrauterine fluid accumulations, an increase (P<0,05) was observed between days 1 and 2 postpartum (d1 and d2), with a significant reduction between d4 and d7, and no amount of fluid collections was observed in the animals after d16 or after the third day post-ovulation (D3). No differences (P>0,05) was observed between the uterine horns (CG and CNG) in relation to vascular perfusion characteristics. In this context, an increase (P<0,05) in the endometrial vascularity scores was observed between d1 and d4, remaining similar until d13, as well as an increase (P<0,05) in mesometrial vascularization occurred between d1 and d2. However, a reduction (P<0,05) in scores of mesometrial vasculature was observed from d2 to d10. After ovulation, an increase of endometrial vascularization was observed from D0 to D5, with reduction in scores from D5 to D11 and a further increase between D11 and D14. Similarly, the pattern of mesometrial vascularization was similar to that observed in the endometrium. In the second chapter, follicular development and vascularization were assessed during the first postpartum estrus, as well the characteristics of development and vascular perfusion of the corpus luteum (CL) and serum progesterone (P4) during the 16 days after the first postpartum ovulation.Additionally, the animals were divided into two groups: the group early (ovulation before the d10) or late (ovulation after d10). With regard to follicular development, no difference was observed between groups in days relative to the first postpartum ovulation, however, when evaluated on the day of parturition, differences were observed between groups. In this respect, the early group had a larger diameter (P<0,05) of the dominant follicle (F1) each day in the early postpartum period (d1-d7) and had a greater number of follicles (P<0,05) in the > 25 mm class during the first days postpartum (d1-d3). Additionally, the animals in the late group showed a greater number of follicles (P<0,05) in the 20-25 mm class during early postpartum period (d4-d7). Regarding the characteristics of vascular perfusion, no difference (P>0,05) was observed between groups regardin...

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Influence of day of postpartum breeding on pregnancy rate, pregnancy loss rate, and foaling rate in Thoroughbred mares

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Reproductive characteristics of foal heat in female donkeys

Reproductive characteristics of foal heat in female donkeys

Reproductive efficiency in lactating mares inseminated early in the puerperium (<10 days post partum) versus non-lactating mares inseminated 180 days post partum

Avaliação da dinâmica ovariana, características uterinas, fluxo sanguíneo uterino e ovariano e concentrações séricas de progesterona em éguas no período pós-parto

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