Influence of degree of substitution on thermal dynamic mechanical and physicochemical properties of cellulose acetate

Preparation of an Asymmetric Membrane from Sugarcane Bagasse Using DMSO as Green Solvent

“…However, each sample loses water at different temperatures, depending on the DS. The difference in the values of desorption peaks is attributed to the different water-holding capabilities and polymer-water interaction [8]. As can be seen from Figure 5a, the materials with lower DS have a higher desorption temperature.…”

“…This is because the desorption process samples depend on the strength of interaction of water molecules with hydroxyl groups in the materials through hydrogen bonds. In the CA structure, OH groups are replaced by acetate groups, therefore rendering them less effective in their water holding capacity compared to pure cellulose [8,38]. The second endotherm relates to the melting of the CA samples; the melting temperatures are very close to one another, between 274.2 and 288.9 • C. The exothermic peaks correspond to the heat release from the compounds at a maximum temperature of 361.1 • C for CA-2 and 380 • C for CE-1, CE-2, and CA-1 because of the disintegration of intramolecular interaction and the decomposition of the polymer chain [5,39].…”

“…Due to these advantages, CA is extensively used in the preparation of membranes, fibers, films, and biomedical utilities [2,6,7]. CA is usually synthesized from acetic acid and acetic anhydride in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst and with a degree of substitution depending on experimental conditions [8]. The degree of substitution (DS), which is the average value of the hydroxyl group in the cellulosic units substituted by acetyl groups, is one of the most important parameters to evaluate CA [9].…”

Electrospun Nanocomposites Containing Cellulose and Its Derivatives Modified with Specialized Biomolecules for an Enhanced Wound Healing

“…This polymer is under great consideration in the biomedical industry due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, mechanical performance, non-toxicity, high affinity, good hydrolytic stability, relative low cost, and excellent chemical resistance [99]. These exceptional properties have driven the processing of CA-containing polymeric blends in the form of electrospun nanofibrous composites, in this way generating a new smart option for biotechnology and tissue engineering, drug delivery systems and wound dressing applications [25][26][27]. Electrospun CA has also been used to immobilize bioactive substances as vitamins and enzymes, biosensors, bio-separation, and affinity purification membranes, while non-porous CA have been used for stent coatings or skin protection after burns or wounds.…”

“…The introduction of chemical groups within the structure of cellulose has facilitated processing and contributed for the emergence of cellulose derivatives, like cellulose acetate (CA), which is the most common derivative that is considered by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) as a bio-based polymer [23]. CA is a polymer that is easily soluble in common organic solvents, such as acetone, acetic acid, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and their mixtures, low-cost derivative of cellulose with excellent biocompatibility, high water adsorption capacities, good mechanical stability, non-toxicity, and can be efficiently processed into membranes, films, and fibers from either solutions or melts [21,[24][25][26][27][28]. Electrospinning allows for the production of CA-based nanomeshes with an intricate and complex architecture that can be functionalized with active biomolecules to address the specific demands of acute and chronic wounds via simple, reproducible and cost effective approaches [29][30][31].…”